2D:4D Digit Ratio and Urinary Stone Disease
For patients and families
In plain language
An automatic summary of structured registry data. It is an orientation aid, not a substitute for the official protocol or a physician assessment.
- What is being studied
- This is an observational study: the protocol does not assign a study treatment.
- Who it may be relevant to
- Registry conditions: Urinary Stone. Basic parameters: from 18 years · All.
- What needs checking
- Age, condition and sex are only basic indicators. Prior treatment, laboratory values and other mandatory requirements appear in the eligibility criteria below.
- Where it takes place
- Turkey (Türkiye)
- Next step
- Save the trial, show it to the treating physician, and confirm current recruitment with the study center. Costs, documents and travel →
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Official title
Association Between 2D:4D Digit Ratio and Urinary Stone Disease: A Prospective Observational Case-Control Study
Overview
This prospective observational case-control study will investigate whether the 2D:4D digit ratio is associated with urinary stone disease. Adults undergoing non-contrast computed tomography at Malatya Training and Research Hospital will be classified as cases if kidney and/or ureteral stones are detected and as controls if no urinary stones are detected and there is no previous history of stone disease or stone surgery. The lengths of the second and fourth fingers of both hands will be measured using a digital caliper by two independent observers who are blinded to the participant group. The study will also examine whether the 2D:4D ratio is associated with recurrent stone disease, stone burden, and bilateral or multiple stones.
Primary outcome measures
- Mean Bilateral 2D:4D Digit Ratio by Urinary Stone Disease Status [Time frame: At enrollment, during the single study assessment]
Secondary outcome measures (3)
- Mean Bilateral 2D:4D Digit Ratio by Recurrent Stone Disease Status [Time frame: At enrollment, during the single study assessment]
- Association Between Mean Bilateral 2D:4D Digit Ratio and Total Stone Burden [Time frame: At enrollment, during the single study assessment]
- Mean Bilateral 2D:4D Digit Ratio by Bilateral and/or Multiple Stone Presentation [Time frame: At enrollment, during the single study assessment]
Eligibility criteria
Inclusion criteria
- Age 18 years or older
- Provision of written informed consent
- Undergoing non-contrast computed tomography at Malatya Training and Research Hospital during the study period
- For cases: presence of at least one kidney and/or ureteral stone on non-contrast computed tomography
- For controls: absence of stones in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder on non-contrast computed tomography
- For controls: no previous physician-diagnosed urinary stone disease or history of stone-related surgery
- Feasibility of bilateral second- and fourth-digit length measurements
Exclusion criteria
- Congenital deformity of the hands or fingers
- History of hand or finger trauma, fracture, surgery, or amputation that may affect digit length measurement
- Severe hand deformity, contracture, or advanced joint disease preventing reliable measurement
- Incomplete, inadequate, or technically unreliable 2D:4D measurements
- Missing essential clinical, demographic, or imaging data
- Pregnancy
- Presence of bladder stones
- Urinary diversion, major urinary tract reconstruction, or a significant structural urinary tract anomaly
Criteria are shown verbatim from the registry (in English). Final eligibility is always assessed by the study center.
Healthy volunteers: No
Study design
- Observational model
- Case-only
Study locations
Turkey (Türkiye) · 1 center
- Malatya Training and Research Hospital — Malatya
Identifiers
NCT: NCT07736924 · MEAH-2D4D-USD-2026-01 · SBBA-2026-252