THE EFFECT OF AEROBIC AND RESISTANCE TRAINING ON THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

Official title

AEROBİC AND RESİSTANCE TRAİNİNG EFFECTS ON INFLAMMATORY AND IMMUNE BİOMARKERS İN YOUNG SEDENTARY WOMEN

Overview

Six-week exercise interventions in sedentary young women demonstrated that aerobic exercise and resistance exercise differentially optimize inflammatory and immune responses through their effects on osteocalcin and IgM, and IgA, respectively. These distinct effects of exercise modality on immune biomarkers can be utilized to design personalized exercise programs.

Detailed description

The effects of exercise on the immune system have been studied for many years. Regular physical activity is known to enhance the effectiveness of the immune system by modulating the inflammatory response. Regular exercise has been shown to increase individuals' physical fitness levels. Exercise is used in the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Consequently, a review of the literature reveals numerous studies indicating that regular exercise positively impacts an individual's health. Regular exercise positively affects all systems of the organism, including the immune system. Changes in the immune system after acute and chronic exercise differ. The effects of exercise on the immune system vary depending on the intensity of the exercise and the physical characteristics of the individuals. While light to moderate exercise strengthens the immune system, intense exercise can suppress it. The effects of exercise on the immune system have been the subject of much research in recent years. However, the effects of different types of exercise (aerobic and resistance training) on immune markers are still not fully understood. Inflammatory markers, particularly C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), play a critical role in assessing the effect of exercise on the immune system. In addition, immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM) are important biomarkers in evaluating the immune response. This study aims to investigate the chronic effects of a 4-week aerobic and resistance exercise program on the immune system and inflammation. Blood and saliva samples will be collected and analyzed for CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, and immunoglobulin levels. The data obtained will help us understand the specific effects of different types of exercise on inflammatory and immune responses, contributing to more informed exercise prescriptions.

Interventions

• Behavioral Aerobic and resistance exercise
  Because it was done on young girls who lead a sedentary lifestyle.

Primary outcome measures

• Change in C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Levels [Time frame: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)]
• Change in Interleukin-6 (IL-6) Levels [Time frame: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)]
• Change in Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α) Levels [Time frame: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)]
• Change in Salivary Immunoglobulin A (IgA) Levels [Time frame: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)]
• Change in Immunoglobulin M (IgM) Levels [Time frame: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)]
• Change in Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Levels [Time frame: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)]
• Change in Leukocyte (WBC) Count [Time frame: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 6)]

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion criteria

• University students aged 18-30
• Individuals who have engaged in recreational exercise at least two days a week for the past three months
• Those with low or no smoking or alcohol consumption who volunteer to participate in the study.

Exclusion criteria

• Individuals who have had an infection or chronic illness in the last 6 months,
• Those with a history of autoimmune disease,
• Metabolic syndrome, or cardiovascular disease,
• Those who have used antibiotics or anti-inflammatory drugs in the last 3 months,
• Those who have suffered a serious injury during exercise or are unable to continue are not eligible.

Criteria are shown verbatim from the registry (in English). Final eligibility is always assessed by the study center.

Healthy volunteers: Yes

Study design

Allocation

Randomized

Model

Parallel assignment

Masking

Single blind

Primary purpose

Prevention

Study locations

Turkey (Türkiye) · 1 center

• İnönu University — Malatya

Publications

• Nash D, Hughes MG, Butcher L, Aicheler R, Smith P, Cullen T, Webb R. IL-6 signaling in acute exercise and chronic training: Potential consequences for health and athletic performance. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2023 Jan;33(1):4-19. doi: 10.1111/sms.14241. Epub 2022 Oct 8. PMID 36168944
• Henson J, Yates T, Edwardson CL, Khunti K, Talbot D, Gray LJ, Leigh TM, Carter P, Davies MJ. Sedentary time and markers of chronic low-grade inflammation in a high risk population. PLoS One. 2013 Oct 29;8(10):e78350. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078350. eCollection 2013. PMID 24205208
• Coughlin GH, Antush MT, Vella CA. Associations of sedentary behavior and screen time with biomarkers of inflammation and insulin resistance. J Behav Med. 2024 Oct;47(5):828-838. doi: 10.1007/s10865-024-00498-y. Epub 2024 May 25. PMID 38796664
• Thomas NE, Williams DR. Inflammatory factors, physical activity, and physical fitness in young people. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2008 Oct;18(5):543-56. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2008.00824.x. Epub 2008 Jul 9. PMID 18627553
• Dogra S, Wolf M, Jeffrey MP, Foley RCA, Logan-Sprenger H, Jones-Taggart H, Green-Johnson JM. Disrupting prolonged sitting reduces IL-8 and lower leg swell in active young adults. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2019 Oct 18;11:23. doi: 10.1186/s13102-019-0138-4. eCollection 2019. PMID 31636910

Identifiers

NCT: NCT07632911 · 11/03/2025-7252

Primary sources (government registries)

• ClinicalTrials.gov (US NIH)

View this study on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗