Low-grade Gliomas in Argentina: Incidence, Survival, and Therapeutic Strategies
For patients and families
In plain language
An automatic summary of structured registry data. It is an orientation aid, not a substitute for the official protocol or a physician assessment.
- What is being studied
- This is an observational study: the protocol does not assign a study treatment.
- Who it may be relevant to
- Registry conditions: Low-grade Glioma. Basic parameters: from 18 years · All.
- What needs checking
- Age, condition and sex are only basic indicators. Prior treatment, laboratory values and other mandatory requirements appear in the eligibility criteria below.
- Where it takes place
- Argentina
- Next step
- Save the trial, show it to the treating physician, and confirm current recruitment with the study center. Costs, documents and travel →
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Overview
Low-grade gliomas (LGG) are slow-growing primary brain tumors (WHO grades I-II), and their incidence, survival, and treatment patterns in middle-income settings such as Argentina remain poorly characterized. This retrospective, multicenter study comprises two complementary cohorts: 1. Cohort 1: The "captive" population covered under the Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires Health Plan (January 2011-December 2023) to estimate LGG incidence density. 2. Cohort 2: Histologically confirmed LGG patients treated at the major referral centers to describe overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) at 1 and 5 years. Demographic, clinical, pathological, and treatment data will be collected in a centralized REDCap database. The primary objective is to describe LGG incidence in Argentina and estimate survival using Kaplan-Meier curves. The secondary objectives include characterizing therapeutic strategies, molecular mutations, and prognostic factors through Cox regression analysis. This registry will fill a critical gap in LGG epidemiology in middle-income countries and generate hypotheses for future research.
Detailed description
Background Low-grade gliomas (LGG) represent approximately 6% of primary central nervous system tumors in adults and exhibit unpredictable biological behavior. Although high-income countries have published LGG incidence and survival data stratified by age, sex, and molecular profile, data from Argentina and other middle-income regions are scarce. IDH mutations and other molecular markers, along with clinical factors (age, seizures, tumor volume, and location) and treatment modalities, influence disease progression and prognosis in these patients.
Objectives
* Primary (Cohort 1): Estimate LGG incidence density in the Hospital Italiano Health Plan population (2011-2023), expressed as cases per 100,000 person-years. * Primary (Cohort 2): Describe OS and DFS at 1 and 5 years post-diagnosis. * Secondary: Characterize therapeutic strategies (surgical, chemoradiotherapy, monotherapy), molecular profile (IDH, P53, 1p/19q mutations), and identify prognostic factors associated with OS and DFS using multivariable Cox regression.
Design and Scope
This is a retrospective, multicenter, observational cohort study with two cohorts:
* Cohort 1 (incidence): Retrospective analysis of the Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires database to identify new LGG cases from January 2011 to December 2023. * Cohort 2 (survival): Consecutive inclusion of all patients with histologically confirmed LGG treated at the participating centers during the same period.
Population
* Inclusion (Cohort 1): Age ≥ 18 years, HIBA affiliates, ≥ 1 year of documented follow-up. * Inclusion (Cohort 2): Age ≥ 18 years, histologically confirmed LGG (WHO I-II), ≥ 1 year of documented follow-up. * Exclusion (both cohorts): Incomplete or uncertain diagnosis per histopathological/genetic criteria.
Data Collection \& Management Local investigators will extract demographic, clinical, radiological, pathological, and treatment data from electronic health records. All data will be entered retrospectively into a secure, centralized REDCap database with individual user credentials. Quality control checks (cross-validation with source records) will be performed periodically. After analysis and publication, the database will be permanently deleted to preserve confidentiality.
Key Variables
* Demographics: age, sex, comorbidities, functional status, care setting. * Tumor Characteristics: volume, location (supra-/infratentorial, hemisphere), histology, IDH/P53 mutation status. * Treatment Details: extent of resection (total/partial), chemotherapy (agents, cycles, toxicities), radiotherapy (type, dose, fractions). * Outcomes: time to progression, OS, DFS, postoperative complications, adverse events.
Statistical Analysis
* Cohort 1: Calculate incidence density (cases/person-years) with 95 % confidence intervals by age and sex. Standardization will use INDEC population data. * Cohort 2: Estimate OS and DFS at 1, and 5 years using Kaplan-Meier methods; report proportions with 95 % CIs. Perform multivariable Cox regression to identify prognostic factors (age, tumor volume, mutation status, treatment type), reporting hazard ratios with 95 % CIs. * Sample Size: Approximately 180 000 person-years in Cohort 1 (projected 13-14 LGG cases); ≥ 40 patients in Cohort 2 to estimate a 30 % survival rate with ± 10 % precision.
Ethical Considerations The study has a waiver of informed consent under local regulations and CIOMS guidelines. All data will be anonymized using numeric codes and stored on encrypted servers until study completion. In addition, each participating center must obtain approval from its respective ethics committee (IRB/EC) before initiating data collection and provide documentation of such approvals.
Primary outcome measures
- Describe the incidence density of LGG [Time frame: January 2011 - December 2023]
- Generate an Argentine population projection model [Time frame: January 2011 - December 2023]
- Describe overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) [Time frame: Up to 5 years post-diagnosis]
- Describe the treatment strategies implemented in patients with LGG in public and private institutions [Time frame: January 2011 - December 2023]
Secondary outcome measures (1)
- Evaluate factors associated with shorter time to death or death and relapse [Time frame: Up to 5 years post-diagnosis]
Eligibility criteria
Study population cohort 1
- Inclusion Criteria
- Adult patients (≥18 years old) affiliated to the health plan of Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires.
- Documented clinical follow-up of at least 1 year during the study period.
- Exclusion Criteria
- Patients not affiliated to the health plan of the Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires.
Study population cohort 2
- Inclusion Criteria
- Adult patients (≥18 years) with histopathologically confirmed diagnosis of low-grade glioma (WHO grades I and II).
- Exclusion Criteria
- Incomplete or doubtful diagnosis based on histopathologic and molecular criteria.
Criteria are shown verbatim from the registry (in English). Final eligibility is always assessed by the study center.
Healthy volunteers: No
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
Study locations
Argentina · 6 centers
- Hospital Alemán — Buenos Aires
- Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires — Buenos Aires
- Hospital Privado Universitario de Córdoba — Córdoba
- Hospital de Alta Complejidad El Cruce - Dr. Néstor Kirchner — Buenos Aires
- Hospital Universitario Austral — Buenos Aires
- Hospital Italiano sede San Justo Agustín Rocca — Buenos Aires
Identifiers
NCT: NCT07631338 · 7339