Menu
Recruiting NCT05391737

Cardiac Function in Swimming-Induced Pulmonary Edema (SIPE)

— Observational Swimming Induced Pulmonary Edema (SIPE) Pulmonary Edema Lung Diseases Heart Function Tests

For patients and families

In plain language

An automatic summary of structured registry data. It is an orientation aid, not a substitute for the official protocol or a physician assessment.

What is being studied
The protocol lists: Echocardiography, Electrocardiogram (ECG), Cardiac biomarkers.
Who it may be relevant to
Registry conditions: Swimming Induced Pulmonary Edema (SIPE), Pulmonary Edema, Lung Diseases, Heart Function Tests. Basic parameters: from 18 years · All.
What needs checking
Age, condition and sex are only basic indicators. Prior treatment, laboratory values and other mandatory requirements appear in the eligibility criteria below.
Where it takes place
Sweden
Next step
Save the trial, show it to the treating physician, and confirm current recruitment with the study center. Costs, documents and travel →

Unsure about the terms? Read our patient guide →

Official title

Cardiac Function in Swimming-Induced Pulmonary Edema (SIPE) - a Case Control Study

Overview

Acute or chronic cardiac dysfunction could be a contributing factor to swimming-induced pulmonary edema (SIPE). Knowledge on cardiac function in SIPE is limited and recommendations for cardiac evaluation of patients with SIPE are lacking. The present study was designed to assess cardiac function in patients with SIPE and in asymptomatic swimmers.

Detailed description

Swimming induced pulmonary edema (SIPE) is an unusual condition occuring during swimming in cold open water. SIPE is characterized by acute onset of dyspnea and cough, excessive sputum and occasionally hemoptysis. Reversible myocardial dysfunction has been described in swimmers with SIPE and divers with immersion pulmonary edema (IPE). Cardiac dysfunction has also been discussed as a contributing factor triggering SIPE. However, prevalence, severity and prognosis of myocardial dysfunction in patients with SIPE is unknown. Official recommendations for cardiac evaluation of patients after an acute episode of SIPE is lacking.

This case-control-study intends to assess cardiac function in patients with SIPE and in asymptomatic swimmers. We study a large cohort of approximately 12 000 swimmers during Vansbrosimningen, Sweden's biggest annual open water event, with a yearly incidence of SIPE of about 0,4%. Cardiac function is evaluated after swimming as well as at rest by echocardiography, 12-lead electrocardiogram and cardiac biomarkers (Troponin I, NT-pro-BNP).

Interventions

  • Diagnostic test Echocardiography
    Echocardiography after swimming (acute) and at rest (baseline)
  • Diagnostic test Electrocardiogram (ECG)
    Electrocardiogram (ECG) after swimming (acute) and at rest (baseline)
  • Diagnostic test Cardiac biomarkers
    high sensitive (hs)-Troponin I and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) after swimming (acute) and at rest (baseline)

Primary outcome measures

  • Acute Echocardiography [Time frame: within 4 hours after termination of swimming]
  • Acute Electrocardiogram (ECG) - Rytm analysis [Time frame: within 4 hours after termination of swimming]
  • Acute Electrocardiogram (ECG) - Heart axis [Time frame: within 4 hours after termination of swimming]
  • Acute Electrocardiogram (ECG) - Amplitudes and intervals [Time frame: within 4 hours after termination of swimming]
  • Acute Electrocardiogram (ECG) - Signs of myocardial ischemia [Time frame: within 4 hours after termination of swimming]
  • Acute cardiac biomarkers - Troponin I [Time frame: 4-6 hours after termination of swimming]
  • Acute cardiac biomarkers - NT-pro-BNP [Time frame: 4-6 hours after termination of swimming]
Secondary outcome measures (7)
  • Baseline Echocardiography [Time frame: within 12 months after swimming]
  • Baseline Electrocardiogram (ECG) - Rytm analysis [Time frame: within 12 months after swimming]
  • Baseline Electrocardiogram (ECG)- Heart axis [Time frame: within 12 months after swimming]
  • Baseline Electrocardiogram (ECG) - Amplitudes and intervals [Time frame: within 12 months after swimming]
  • Baseline Electrocardiogram (ECG) - Signs of myocardial ischemia [Time frame: within 12 months after swimming]
  • Baseline cardiac biomarkers - Troponin I [Time frame: within 12 months after swimming]
  • Baseline cardiac biomarkers - NT-pro-BNP [Time frame: within 12 months after swimming]

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion criteria

for patients:

  • respiratory symptoms during or after swimming at the Vansbrosimningen open water swimming event
  • diagnosis SIPE by signs of pulmonary edema on lung ultrasound
  • peripheral oxygen saturation ≤95%

for controls:

  • completion of a swimming race of the Vansbrosimningen open water swimming event.
  • no respiratory symptoms during or after swimming
  • no signs of pulmonary edema on lung ultrasound
  • matched to patients with SIPE regarding sex and age

Exclusion criteria

  • declined consent
  • hemodynamic instability or decreased consciousness

Criteria are shown verbatim from the registry (in English). Final eligibility is always assessed by the study center.

Healthy volunteers: Yes

Study design

Observational model
Case-control

Study locations

Sweden · 1 center
  • Center of Clinical Research Dalarna — Falun

Publications

  • Seiler C, Torola M, Knuts U, Holm L, Magnusson B, Rask P, Nilsson KF, Hardstedt M. CARDIAC FINDINGS IN SWIMMING-INDUCED PULMONARY EDEMA - IMPLICATIONS FOR ACUTE ASSESSMENT. Chest. 2026 Jul 10:S0012-3692(26)00962-1. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2026.06.051. Online ahead of print. PMID 42431395

Identifiers

NCT: NCT05391737 · SIPE Cardiac function 001

Primary sources (government registries)

View this study on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗