Effects of Adapted Taekwondo Versus Conventional Training on Anthropometric Variables and Physical Function in Older Women With Abdominal Obesity

Официальное название

Effects of Adapted Taekwondo Versus Conventional Training on Anthropometric Variables and Physical Function in Older Women With Abdominal Obesity: a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Обзор

Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the effects of TKD on anthropometric and physical function parameters in older women with abdominal obesity, compared with conventional exercise interventions such as MCT, and WE. We hypothesized that TKD would produce greater improvements in abdominal fat and physical function than MCT and WE in older women with abdominal obesity.

Подробное описание

This study was designed as a randomized, repeated-measures, double-blind controlled trial with a quantitative approach and three parallel intervention arms: taekwondo training (TKD), multicomponent training (MCT), and walking exercise (WE). The intervention period lasted 16 weeks, comprising 48 sessions delivered three times per week on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, with each session lasting 60 min. The outcomes assessed included anthropometric indicators, such as BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, body fat percentage, and fat-free mass, as well as physical function, maximal isometric handgrip strength, and postural balance. All evaluations were conducted in the morning, between 10:00 and 12:00, at the same facilities, including the sports center and community headquarters. Environmental conditions, such as temperature, were controlled, and the same evaluators performed the baseline and post-intervention assessments. No musculoskeletal or cardiorespiratory injuries were reported during the intervention period, and participants did not report pain either before the assessments or during the training sessions.

Вмешательства

• Поведенческое taekwondo training
  The TKD program consisted of non-contact exercises performed during the main section of each session. This component included 10 min of basic stances and upper-limb technical actions, such as blocks and strikes, followed by 20 min of lower-limb techniques, including movements, stances, and kicks. These exercises were performed individually and in pairs, with and without taekwondo pads and shields. In addition, specific choreographies or poomsae, including Kibom Poomsae and Il Jang, were practice
• Поведенческое multicomponent training
  program was organized as a 40-min circuit using elastic bands, poles, 2-kg medicine balls, and chairs. The main section included exercises aimed at improving agility, postural balance, and cardiorespiratory fitness. Strength exercises involved major lower-limb muscle groups, including the quadriceps, hamstrings, gluteal muscles, and gastrocnemius, as well as upper-limb and trunk-related muscles such as the biceps, triceps, deltoids, and latissimus dorsi. During the first four weeks, the training
• Поведенческое walking exercise
  program began with a 5-min warm-up that included joint mobility and flexibility exercises. The main section consisted of walking on level ground for 35 to 50 min, with duration progressively increased by 5 min every four weeks. Each session ended with a 5-min cool-down involving static and dynamic flexibility exercises. Exercise intensity was maintained at a moderate-to-vigorous level, corresponding to 50% to 70% of HRmax, and was monitored using heart rate sensor straps (H10, Polar Electro Oy,

Первичные конечные точки

• Body mass [Срок оценки: 16 weeks]
• Body mass index (BMI) [Срок оценки: 16 weeks]
• Abdominal obesity [Срок оценки: 16 weeks]
• Senior Fitness Test battery [Срок оценки: 16 weeks]
• Maximal Isometric Handgrip Strength [Срок оценки: 16 weeks]
• Postural Balance [Срок оценки: 16 weeks]

Критерии участия

Критерии включения

• (i) women aged 60-65 years
• (ii) waist circumference >88 cm
• (iii) ability to understand and follow contextualized instructions based on simple commands
• (iv) functional independence, defined as a score of ≥43 points on the Preventive Medicine Examination for Older Adults of the Chilean Ministry of Health.
• (v) capacity to comply with at least 85% of the scheduled intervention sessions.

Критерии исключения

• (i) presence of disability
• (ii) participation in physical rehabilitation or presence of musculoskeletal injuries limiting usual physical activity
• (iii) permanent or temporary contraindication to participation in physical exercise.

Критерии приведены из реестра в оригинале (на английском). Окончательную оценку соответствия проводит исследовательский центр.

Здоровые добровольцы: Да

Дизайн исследования

Распределение

Рандомизированное

Модель

Параллельные группы

Маскирование

Двойное слепое

Основная цель

Лечение

Центры проведения

Список центров уточняется — проверьте первичный протокол.

Идентификаторы

NCT: NCT07705750 · (n. 29-2022) · 29

Первоисточники (государственные реестры)

• ClinicalTrials.gov (NIH, США)

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