Sex-difference in Response to Resistance Exercise and Training

Обзор

Sex-Difference in Response to Resistance Exercise and Training Given the importance of muscular strength for athletic performance as well as for daily activities in the general population-including clinical populations-and the lack of data in both men and women, the aim of this study is to compare neuromuscular, intramuscular, and systemic adaptations in men and women in response to both acute and chronic resistance exercise. Specifically, the investigators will test the hypotheses that: the neuromuscular response to resistance exercise, including corticospinal excitability and motor unit activation patterns, differs between men and women; the hormonal response and exosome release following resistance exercise are reduced in women compared to men. Participants (n = 15 per group) will follow a supervised resistance training program for 8 weeks. Neuromuscular function of the knee extensor muscles, body composition, intramuscular adaptations, as well as blood profiles (hormonal and metabolic) and exosomes will be assessed before and after a single resistance exercise session and after the training period. This protocol will allow determination of both the acute and long-term effects of resistance exercise. Women's participation in sports is increasing, yet research in this area remains very limited. This project aims to better understand the mechanisms by which resistance training-a non-pharmacological and low-cost strategy-may induce different adaptations in men and women, and, where appropriate, to contribute to the development of sex-specific recommendations to maximize the health benefits of resistance training.

Вмешательства

• Устройство Resistance exercise on a leg extension machine
  Supervised resistance exercise consisting exclusively of knee extension exercise on a leg extension machine. Acute exercise included 6 sets of 10 repetitions at 80% of one-repetition maximum (1RM).
• Устройство Resistance training on a leg extension machine
  Supervised resistance training consisting exclusively of knee extension exercise on a leg extension machine. Chronic exercise included 6 sets of 10 repetitions at 80% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). The program was carried out over 8 weeks (3x/week).
• Процедура Blood samples
  Blood samples were taken from the antecubital vein before and immediately after an acute resistance exercise session, and after the chronic resistance training period.
• Процедура Vastus lateralis biopsy
  Biopsy were taken in the vastus lateralis before and immediately after an acute resistance exercise session, and after the chronic resistance training period.
• Диагностический тест Body composition analysis
  Body composition analysis using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) before and after the chronic resistance training period.
• Диагностический тест One repetition maximum (1-RM)
  One repetition maximum (1-RM) assessment before, after 4 weeks of training and at the end the chronic resistance training period.
• Диагностический тест Muscle thickness of the vastus lateralis
  Muscle thickness of the vastus lateralis assessed by ultrasonography before and after the chronic resistance training period.

Первичные конечные точки

• Sex differences in protein expression of muscle mass regulation pathways assessed by western blot [Срок оценки: Throughout the entire study, during approximately 11 months]
• Sex differences in mRNA levels in muscle mass regulation pathways assessed by RT-qPCR [Срок оценки: Throughout the entire study, during approximately 11 months]
• Sex differences in metabolic status assessed by blood biomarkers [Срок оценки: Throughout the entire study, during approximately 11 months]
• Sex differences in hormonal status assessed by blood biomarkers [Срок оценки: Throughout the entire study, during approximately 11 months]
• Sex differences in extracellular vesicles regulation assessed by nanoparticle tracking analysis [Срок оценки: Throughout the entire study, during approximately 11 months]
• Sex differences in extracellular vesicles regulation assessed by proteomic analysis [Срок оценки: Throughout the entire study, during approximately 11 months]

Вторичные конечные точки (3)

• Sex differences in body composition assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) [Срок оценки: Throughout the entire study, during approximately 11 months]
• Sex differences in muscle thickness of the vastus lateralis assessed by ultrasonography [Срок оценки: Throughout the entire study, during approximately 11 months]
• Sex differences in strength evolution assessed by one-repetition maximum (1-RM) [Срок оценки: Throughout the entire study, during approximately 11 months]

Критерии участия

Критерии включения

• Men and women aged between 18 and 40 years;
• eumenorrheic women or under contraceptive (hormonal and non-hormonal).

Критерии исключения

• Regular resistance exercise (≥2x/week);
• Any contraindication to exercise;
• Protein/creatine supplement intake;
• Pregnancy;
• Epilepsy;
• Head implant.

Критерии приведены из реестра в оригинале (на английском). Окончательную оценку соответствия проводит исследовательский центр.

Здоровые добровольцы: Да

Дизайн исследования

Распределение

Нерандомизированное

Модель

Параллельные группы

Маскирование

Открытое

Основная цель

Фундаментальное исследование

Центры проведения

Бельгия · 1 центр

• Faculté des sciences de la motricité, Pl. Pierre de Coubertin 1 — Louvain-la-Neuve

Идентификаторы

NCT: NCT07692815 · WOMENRESIST S1

Первоисточники (государственные реестры)

• ClinicalTrials.gov (NIH, США)

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