Children With Specific Learning Disabilities and Exercise

Официальное название

The Effect of Perceptual-Motor Exercise and Virtual Reality-Based Exercise on Motor Skills, Balance, Proprioception and Participation in Children With Specific Learning Disabilities: A Randomised Controlled Trial

Обзор

Specific learning disabilities (SLD) are neurodevelopmental disorders seen in children with normal or above-average intelligence (IQ\> 85), no significant brain damage or sensory impairment, who experience difficulties in reading, writing, speaking, or performing functions. Visual-motor control, dynamic balance, and bilateral coordination are among the most prominent motor skill deficits in children with SLD. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to examine the effects of perceptual motor exercises and virtual reality-based exercises on the motor skills, balance function, proprioception, and participation of children with SLD. In the randomized controlled trial, children aged 7-10 years with SLD will be randomly allocated into three groups: a perceptual-motor exercise group, a virtual reality-based exercise group, and a control group that will continue their usual individual education program without additional exercise intervention. The exercise program will be carried out twice a week for 45 minutes over an 8-week period. Assessments will be conducted before and after the intervention. Motor skill level will be assessed using the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition - Brief Form, functional balance using the Pediatric Balance Scale, static balance using the Single-Leg Stance Test and the Flamingo Balance Test, dynamic balance using the Timed Up and Go Test and the Four Square Step Test, proprioception using the Joint Position Sense Test, and participation using the Participation and Environment Measurement for Children and Youth. The effect of the exercise interventions on these parameters will be compared between the intervention groups and the control group.

Вмешательства

• Поведенческое Perceptual-Motor Exercise
  The exercise program will consist of a 10-minute warm-up, 25 minutes of targeted perceptual-motor exercises, and a 10-minute cool-down period. The program for the perceptual-motor exercise group will be developed using previous studies in this field derived from the Jack Capon protocol. The program will include, for example, basic movement activities (walking forward-backward and zigzag, jumping forward-backward and crosswise, jumping forward-backward, etc.), ball-rope-hoop activities (throwing
• Поведенческое Virtual Reality-Based Exercise
  The X box 360 Kinect (Microsoft) will be used for the virtual reality-based exercise. Children will be given a 10-minute tutorial session before the first session to explain how to play the games and the rules they must follow. Feedback will be provided to children as needed. The virtual reality-based exercise group will consist of a 5-minute warm-up and 40 minutes of virtual reality games. The cool-down period will include a game involving less intense activity. Game content: Kinect Adventures

Первичные конечные точки

• Motor Skill Level [Срок оценки: Baseline (pre-exercise) and 8 weeks (post-exercise)]
• Functional Balance [Срок оценки: Baseline (pre-exercise) and 8 weeks (post-exercise)]
• Single-Leg Stance Test [Срок оценки: Baseline (pre-exercise) and 8 weeks (post-exercise)]
• Flamingo Balance Test [Срок оценки: Baseline (pre-exercise) and 8 weeks (post-exercise)]
• Timed Up and Go Test [Срок оценки: Baseline (pre-exercise) and 8 weeks (post-exercise)]
• Four Square Step Test [Срок оценки: Baseline (pre-exercise) and 8 weeks (post-exercise)]
• Proprioception [Срок оценки: Baseline (pre-exercise) and 8 weeks (post-exercise)]

Вторичные конечные точки (1)

• Participation [Срок оценки: Baseline (pre-exercise) and 8 weeks (post-exercise)]

Критерии участия

Критерии включения

• Being between the ages of 7 and 10
• Having a diagnosis of SLD according to DSM-V diagnostic criteria
• Regular attendance at a special education and rehabilitation center and an individual support education program
• Children and their families who agree to participate in the study

Критерии исключения

• Having an additional diagnosis such as autism spectrum disorder, developmental coordination disorder, intellectual disability, any psychiatric disorder precluding exercise
• Having mechanical hearing and/or visual impairment
• Having any health problem that prevents exercise
• Currently receiving or having received a rehabilitation program such as physical therapy or occupational therapy
• Children and their families who do not agree to participate in the study

Критерии приведены из реестра в оригинале (на английском). Окончательную оценку соответствия проводит исследовательский центр.

Здоровые добровольцы: Нет

Дизайн исследования

Распределение

Рандомизированное

Модель

Параллельные группы

Маскирование

Открытое

Основная цель

Лечение

Центры проведения

Список центров уточняется — проверьте первичный протокол.

Идентификаторы

NCT: NCT07488650 · 2026-007

Первоисточники (государственные реестры)

• ClinicalTrials.gov (NIH, США)

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