The Non-high-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (Non-HDL-C) to High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) Ratio (NHHR) and Its Association With Occurrence of Diabetic Nephropathy in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus

Обзор

The study aims to examine the relationship between the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and CKD in patients with DM.

Подробное описание

The study will include adult participants recruited from outpatient clinics and inpatient departments. Participants will be classified into the following groups:

1. Diabetes Mellitus without Diabetic Nephropathy (DM group) :

Patients with diabetes mellitus who have no evidence of diabetic nephropathy will be defined by a normal urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) and preserved renal function. 2. Diabetic Nephropathy group (DN group) :

Patients with diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy will be defined by the presence of elevated UACR and/or impaired renal function as assessed by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Subgroup Analysis :

Within the diabetic nephropathy group, further subgroup analyses will be performed to assess differences in NHHR according to:

Type of diabetes (Type 1 vs. Type 2 diabetes mellitus) Stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) are classified based on KDIGO definitions of CKD based on estimated GFR and albuminuria.

Type of the study: Comparative cross-sectional study

Первичные конечные точки

• Association between the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and the presence of diabetic nephropathy. [Срок оценки: At baseline]

Критерии участия

Критерии включения

• Adults aged ≥18 years
• Diagnosed cases of diabetes mellitus (Type 1 or Type 2), with or without diabetic nephropathy
• Willingness to participate and provide informed consent

Критерии исключения

• Known non-diabetic causes of chronic kidney disease
• Acute kidney injury
• Chronic inflammatory or autoimmune diseases
• Current use of medications known to significantly alter lipid metabolism (other than standard lipid-lowering therapy, if applicable)
• End-stage renal disease patients on dialysis

Критерии приведены из реестра в оригинале (на английском). Окончательную оценку соответствия проводит исследовательский центр.

Здоровые добровольцы: Нет

Дизайн исследования

Модель наблюдения

Другое

Центры проведения

Список центров уточняется — проверьте первичный протокол.

Публикации

• Zhang L, Fan D, Zhu T, Geng L, Gan L, Ou S, Yin D. The ratio of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is associated with diabetic kidney disease: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One. 2024 Nov 27;19(11):e0311620. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0311620. eCollection 2024. PMID 39602386
• Tan MY, Weng L, Yang ZH, Zhu SX, Wu S, Su JH. The association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with type 2 diabetes mellitus: recent findings from NHANES 2007-2018. Lipids Health Dis. 2024 May 21;23(1):151. doi: 10.1186/s12944-024-02143-8. PMID 38773578
• Su X, Rao H, Zhao C, Wu J, Zhang X, Li D. Association between the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and mortality among hypertension patients. Sci Rep. 2025 Feb 19;15(1):6012. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-88539-7. PMID 39972003
• Pan X, Lin X, Huang X, Xu J, Ye L, Zhang T, Hu S, Jiang H, Ren Y, Shan PF. The Burden of Diabetes-Related Chronic Kidney Disease in China From 1990 to 2019. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022 Jun 15;13:892860. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.892860. eCollection 2022. PMID 35784566
• Lokpo SY, Laryea R, Osei-Yeboah J, Owiredu WKBA, Ephraim RKD, Adejumo EN, Ametepe S, Appiah M, Peter N, Affrim P, Kwadzokpui PK, Abeka OK. The pattern of dyslipidaemia and factors associated with elevated levels of non-HDL-cholesterol among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Ho municipality: A cross sectional study. Heliyon. 2022 Aug 17;8(8):e10279. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10279. e PMID 36046539
• Liu C, Dhindsa D, Almuwaqqat Z, Ko YA, Mehta A, Alkhoder AA, Alras Z, Desai SR, Patel KJ, Hooda A, Wehbe M, Sperling LS, Sun YV, Quyyumi AA. Association Between High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels and Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes in High-risk Populations. JAMA Cardiol. 2022 Jul 1;7(7):672-680. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2022.0912. PMID 35583863
• Levey AS, Stevens LA, Schmid CH, Zhang YL, Castro AF 3rd, Feldman HI, Kusek JW, Eggers P, Van Lente F, Greene T, Coresh J; CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration). A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Ann Intern Med. 2009 May 5;150(9):604-12. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006. PMID 19414839
• ElSayed NA, Aleppo G, Aroda VR, Bannuru RR, Brown FM, Bruemmer D, Collins BS, Hilliard ME, Isaacs D, Johnson EL, Kahan S, Khunti K, Leon J, Lyons SK, Perry ML, Prahalad P, Pratley RE, Seley JJ, Stanton RC, Gabbay RA, on behalf of the American Diabetes Association. 1. Improving Care and Promoting Health in Populations: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2023. Diabetes Care. 2023 Jan 1;46(Supple 1):S10-S PMID 36507639

Идентификаторы

NCT: NCT07476248 · NHHR in Diabetic nephropathy

Первоисточники (государственные реестры)

• ClinicalTrials.gov (NIH, США)

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