Combined Effects of Soft Robotic Hand and Electrical Stimulation on Hand Function in Stroke Survivors

Обзор

Stroke is a clinically delineated syndrome, which is characterised by an acute, focal neurological deficit resulting from vascular injury (infarction or haemorrhage) within the central nervous system. Notably, around 80 percent of stroke survivors experience post-stroke deficits in upper extremity (UE) motor performance, impacting grip strength, dexterity, and functional independence, which greatly hinder the ability of stroke patients to carry out activities of daily living (ADL), and in turn affects their overall quality of life (QOL).One potential solution to these difficulties is the creation of rehabilitation robotic devices that incorporate hand technology and electrical stimulation. Although soft robotic assistive devices and electrical stimulation have each shown positive effects on motor recovery, their combined use has yet to be thoroughly investigated. This study intends to determine if the simultaneous application of these therapies can speed up rehabilitation results in comparison to independent therapies. Stroke Participants will be divided into two groups, Experimental group and Control group. Both the groups will receive intervention for 40 min/day, 03 days/week, for 08 week and measurements will be taken prior to the treatment, after 4 weeks of treatment and 8 weeks post-treatment.

Подробное описание

Stroke is the second largest cause of death and disability worldwide. On the basis of cause, there are two major kinds of strokes, 80 % of which are ischemic strokes and 20% are of hemorrhagic stroke. While on the basis of duration stroke is divided as transient ischemic stroke (TIA), acute, sub-acute and chronic stroke. Between 1993/1994 and 2005, the mean age of stroke onset decreased by two years, and the proportion of strokes among individuals aged 20 to 54 increased by approximately 50%, from 12.9% to 18.6%, with ischemic stroke being the most common type. Prevalence of stroke in low-income countries is increasing over the last three decades with an annual increase of 14.3%, and globally, the overall prevalence of stroke in the elderly is estimated at 7.4%. Between 17% and 40% of stroke survivors experience spasticity in their upper extremities, significantly impairing their ability to perform daily tasks. Rehabilitation of the upper limbs is particularly crucial during the first six months following a stroke, as recovery of motor functions and daily living activities significantly diminishes after this period. Beyond this six-month window, up to 66% of patients fail to regain functional upper-limb capabilities. Robot assisted therapy (RAT) is a novel approach used in the stroke rehabilitation to deliver the motor and task-oriented training by utilizing robotic devices. There are many researches working on the effect of soft robotic hand and electrical stimulation and their effect compared with the other physical therapy intervention that are constrained induced movement therapy (CIMT) or Mirror therapy or traditional physical therapy program, but the results for the combined effect of the soft robotic hand and electrical stimulation when applied along with functional task training are still under study. Given the limitations of traditional therapies, the integration of soft robotic hand with electrical stimulation may offer a promising approach to early rehabilitation. This integrated approach can enhance functional recovery by facilitating neuroplasticity and motor relearning through synchronised passive and active movements, thereby promoting greater independence in daily activities. This research aims to develop effective rehabilitation strategies that lower long-term healthcare costs and enhance overall motor recovery.

Вмешательства

• Другое Soft Robotic Hand combined with Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation along with Task Oriented Training
  Group-1, will follow a rehabilitation program that combines soft robotic hand support, electrical muscle stimulation (EMS), and task oriented training. After the adjustment of soft robotic hand, EMS electrodes will be placed on specific muscles, with set FITT principal as, A pulse frequency of 20 to 50 Hz and a pulse duration of 400 μs will be set with the intensity as per tolerated by the participant. Participants will perform task oriented activities that will include, Reaching to grasp object
• Другое Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation along with Task Oriented Training
  The control group will follow a rehabilitation program that combines support of electrical stimulation, and task oriented training. For the stimulation of muscles ComfyStim EMS device will be used. The FITT principal used for EMS will be as, A pulse frequency of 20 to 50 Hz and a pulse duration of 400 μs will be set with the intensity as per tolerated by the participant. Participants will perform task oriented activities that will include, Reaching to grasp objects, Picking up and releasing thin

Первичные конечные точки

• Wolf Motor Function Test [Срок оценки: Measurements will be taken before the treatment as baseline, after 4 weeks of treatment, and 8 weeks post-treatment]
• Fugl-meyer assessment of upper limb (FMA-UE) [Срок оценки: Measurements will be taken before the treatment, after 4 weeks of treatment, and 8 weeks post-treatment]
• Nine-Peg Hole Test [Срок оценки: Measurements will be taken before the treatment, after 4 weeks of treatment, and 8 weeks post-treatment]
• Dynamometer [Срок оценки: Measurements will be taken before the treatment, after 4 weeks of treatment, and 8 weeks post-treatment]
• Modified Ashworth Scale [Срок оценки: Measurements will be taken before the treatment, after 4 weeks of treatment, and 8 weeks post-treatment.]

Критерии участия

Критерии включения

• Diagnosed with their first episode of stroke.
• Participants with 3-6 months post stroke.
• Participants with normal cognition on Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) ≥24.
• Participants with the ability to extend Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and Proximal Interphalangeal (PIP) joint to 180 degree passively
• Modified Ashworth Scale < 2.
• Participants with the score of 10 to 16 on National Institute of Health Stroke Scale Score (NIHSS Score).

Критерии исключения

• Presence of other neurological, neuromuscular, orthopedic diseases, or
• conditions that may interfere with task performance.
• Participants with sensory disturbances in the fingers

Критерии приведены из реестра в оригинале (на английском). Окончательную оценку соответствия проводит исследовательский центр.

Здоровые добровольцы: Нет

Дизайн исследования

Распределение

Рандомизированное

Модель

Параллельные группы

Маскирование

Двойное слепое

Основная цель

Лечение

Центры проведения

Пакистан · 2 центра

• Pakistan Society for the Rehabilitation of the Disabled (PSRD) — Lahore
• Shadman Medical Center, Stroke Rehabilitation — Lahore

Публикации

• Kristensen MGH, Busk H, Wienecke T. Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Improves Activities of Daily Living Post Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Arch Rehabil Res Clin Transl. 2021 Nov 12;4(1):100167. doi: 10.1016/j.arrct.2021.100167. eCollection 2022 Mar. PMID 35282150
• Ko MJ, Chuang YC, Ou-Yang LJ, Cheng YY, Tsai YL, Lee YC. The Application of Soft Robotic Gloves in Stroke Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Brain Sci. 2023 Jun 2;13(6):900. doi: 10.3390/brainsci13060900. PMID 37371378
• Bayindir O, Akyuz G, Sekban N. The effect of adding robot-assisted hand rehabilitation to conventional rehabilitation program following stroke: A randomized-controlled study. Turk J Phys Med Rehabil. 2022 Jun 1;68(2):254-261. doi: 10.5606/tftrd.2022.8705. eCollection 2022 Jun. PMID 35989963
• Chen P, Liu TW, Tse MMY, Lai CKY, Tsoh J, Ng SSM. The Predictive Role of Hand Section of Fugl-Meyer Assessment and Motor Activity Log in Action Research Arm Test in People With Stroke. Front Neurol. 2022 Jul 7;13:926130. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.926130. eCollection 2022. PMID 35873769
• Chien WT, Chong YY, Tse MK, Chien CW, Cheng HY. Robot-assisted therapy for upper-limb rehabilitation in subacute stroke patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Brain Behav. 2020 Aug;10(8):e01742. doi: 10.1002/brb3.1742. Epub 2020 Jun 26. PMID 32592282
• Lindsay LR, Thompson DA, O'Dell MW. Updated Approach to Stroke Rehabilitation. Med Clin North Am. 2020 Mar;104(2):199-211. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2019.11.002. PMID 32035564
• Mosconi MG, Paciaroni M. Treatments in Ischemic Stroke: Current and Future. Eur Neurol. 2022;85(5):349-366. doi: 10.1159/000525822. Epub 2022 Aug 2. PMID 35917794
• Murphy SJ, Werring DJ. Stroke: causes and clinical features. Medicine (Abingdon). 2020 Sep;48(9):561-566. doi: 10.1016/j.mpmed.2020.06.002. Epub 2020 Aug 6. PMID 32837228

Идентификаторы

NCT: NCT07282938 · UBAS/ERB/FoRS/25/040 Amna

Первоисточники (государственные реестры)

• ClinicalTrials.gov (NIH, США)

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