The Effect of the NURSIM-KID Program for Migrant Children Hospitalized in Hospitals on the Nursing Image of Children and Parents

Официальное название

The Effect of the NURSIM-KID (NURSE IMAGE-KID) Program for Hospitalized Migrant Children on the Nursing Image of Children and Parents: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Обзор

The nursing profession has a dynamic image in society, shaped by individuals' lives, cultural backgrounds, and interactions with healthcare services. The image of nursing formed during childhood, in particular, directly influences individuals' attitudes toward healthcare professionals and their participation in healthcare services. Migrant children, however, may perceive the nursing profession in a more limited and negative context due to reasons such as unfamiliarity with the hospital environment, language barriers, and cultural differences. Based on this, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of the NURSIM-KID program, developed for migrant children aged 8-11 years receiving inpatient treatment in the pediatric ward of Kilis Prof. Dr. Alaeddin Yavaşca State Hospital, on the images of the nursing profession held by children and their parents. The program aims to contribute to introducing the nursing profession in a more positive and functional way, using methods appropriate to the children's age and developmental level. The limited number of studies in the literature addressing the perceptions of migrant children and their parents regarding the image of nursing highlights the importance of this research and the original contribution it will make to the field. The findings of the study are of a nature that could guide the development of nursing education, child-friendly hospital practices, and culturally supportive initiatives.

Подробное описание

Migrant children often experience illness and hospitalization more traumatically than their peers due to socioeconomic difficulties, language barriers, cultural adaptation problems, and limited access to health services. Hospitalization can trigger loneliness, insecurity, and fear, while language barriers hinder self-expression and communication with healthcare staff. Cultural differences may make the hospital environment and medical procedures appear confusing or threatening, and parents' limited participation in care can deprive children of emotional support. Top (2023) identified language barriers, cultural differences, hygiene practices, low health literacy, and poor post-discharge care continuity as major challenges in caring for hospitalized migrant children. These factors complicate both children's treatment and nursing care delivery. The first interaction between migrant children and nurses plays a key role in shaping their image of the nursing profession. Nursing image is a dynamic, multidimensional concept that changes over time depending on one's social environment, culture, and experiences. According to Boulding's (1956) image theory, people's perceptions of a profession are shaped by their experiences and the messages they receive about it. Children, therefore, form their perceptions of nursing through direct hospital experiences, serving as neutral reflectors of professional image. However, existing studies have mostly focused on children's hospital experiences or satisfaction with nursing care, with limited research exploring their lasting impressions of the profession. For migrant children, the image of nursing is particularly affected by communication difficulties, cultural differences, and healthcare providers' attitudes. In a study by Güney, Düzkaya, and Uysal (2025), nurses reported challenges such as miscommunication, culturally inappropriate practices, patient safety concerns, time loss, and emotional fatigue while caring for migrant children. These challenges can lead children to perceive nursing as a distant, procedure-oriented profession that lacks communication and empathy. Negative perceptions, in turn, may reduce children's willingness to cooperate and engage in care. Yet, the image of nursing formed in childhood can significantly influence individuals' later attitudes toward healthcare services, their health literacy, and even career choices. Based on the ecological systems theory, individuals' behaviors are shaped by their broader social and familial contexts. Similarly, control systems theory emphasizes the importance of parent-child interactions in shaping attitudes and behaviors. Therefore, parents' perceptions of nursing indirectly influence their children's image of the profession. A multicenter study conducted in Türkiye found that children generally held more positive images of nursing than their parents, but parental attitudes remained an important determinant of these perceptions. Given these dynamics, structured programs that provide positive and meaningful encounters with nursing during hospitalization are essential for migrant children. The NURSIM-KID (Nursing Image for Kids) program was designed to assess and improve the nursing image among hospitalized migrant children aged 8-11 years. By introducing nursing in an interactive, age-appropriate, and culturally sensitive manner, the program aims to portray nurses as caregivers who provide support, trust, and compassion-not merely as medical professionals. Ultimately, NURSIM-KID seeks to identify negative perceptions early and foster positive, lasting attitudes toward nursing and healthcare among migrant children.

Вмешательства

• Поведенческое NURSIM-KID Program
  The NURSIM-KID program is a three-day structured intervention designed to support 8-11-year-old hospitalized children's perceptions of the nursing profession. It introduces children to the hospital environment, the nurse's role, and common medical equipment in a simple, child-friendly manner. Through puppets and the picture book "Who Am I? Nurse," children learn about nursing care, empathy, and communication. The program emphasizes emotional safety and active participation, encouraging children

Первичные конечные точки

• Child-Parent Introductory Information Form [Срок оценки: Before starting the study]

Вторичные конечные точки (2)

• Nursing Image Perceived by Children Scale [Срок оценки: At study initiation, the researcher administers the Children's Perceived Nursing Image Scale as a pre-test; the same scales are reapplied on Day 3 to collect post-test data]
• Nursing Image Scale [Срок оценки: At study initiation, the researcher administers the Nursing Image Scale and the Children's Perceived Nursing Image Scale as a pre-test; the same scales are reapplied on Day 3 to collect post-test data]

Критерии участия

Критерии включения

The child must be between the ages of 8 and 11. The child must be hospitalized for at least 3 days. The child must not have any auditory, visual, speech, or mental disabilities. Both the parent and the child must volunteer to participate in the study. Parents and children who can read Turkish and have communication skills will be included in the study.

Критерии исключения

Parents who do not agree to participate in the study. Parents and children who do not have communication skills in Turkish will not be included in the study.

Критерии приведены из реестра в оригинале (на английском). Окончательную оценку соответствия проводит исследовательский центр.

Здоровые добровольцы: Нет

Дизайн исследования

Распределение

Рандомизированное

Модель

Параллельные группы

Маскирование

Двойное слепое

Основная цель

Поддерживающая терапия

Центры проведения

Список центров уточняется — проверьте первичный протокол.

Публикации

• Guney A, Sonmez Duzkaya D, Uysal G. Pediatric Nurses' Experiences in Refugee Children Care: A Qualitative Research. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2025 Apr 15;19:e96. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2025.87. PMID 40230245
• Uzun LN. The effect of creative drama on nursing image: Randomized controlled study. Nurse Educ Pract. 2024 May;77:103970. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2024.103970. Epub 2024 Apr 17. PMID 38678868
• Ustuner Top F. The Challenges in the Care of Immigrant Children in the Clinic: A Phenomenological Study. J Pediatr Health Care. 2023 Sep-Oct;37(5):492-500. doi: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2023.03.005. Epub 2023 Apr 7. PMID 37031099
• Cirik VA, Aksoy B, Gul U. The image of nursing in the eyes of Generation Alpha and their parents in Turkiye: A multicenter cross-sectional survey. J Pediatr Nurs. 2024 Sep-Oct;78:124-132. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.06.018. Epub 2024 Jun 24. PMID 38917614
• Apaydin Cirik V, Aksoy B, Bektas M. Development of Children's Perceived Nursing Image Scale: A Validity and Reliability Study. J Eval Clin Pract. 2025 Feb;31(1):e14315. doi: 10.1111/jep.14315. PMID 39831646

Идентификаторы

NCT: NCT07232186 · Akdeniz Üniversitesi

Первоисточники (государственные реестры)

• ClinicalTrials.gov (NIH, США)

Открыть это исследование на ClinicalTrials.gov ↗