Music Intervention on Golfers Under Mental Fatigue

Официальное название

Effects of Music Intervention on Golf-Specific Skill Performance of Chinese Golfers Under Mental Fatigue

Обзор

This study aims to evaluate the effects of music intervention on golf-specific skill performance under mental fatigue. It is a randomised, controlled, double-blind design. The study consists of three main phases: familiarisation with the experimental procedure, baseline testing, and the formal experiment. During the formal experiment, participants will be randomly assigned to one of the following three groups: (MF-Mu Group) Participants undergo a mental fatigue induction task followed by a music intervention; (MF-nMu Group) Participants undergo a mental fatigue induction task but do not receive a music intervention; (CON Group) Participants neither undergo a mental fatigue induction task nor receive a music intervention. The total intervention duration is 45 minutes, consisting of 30 minutes of mental fatigue induction and 15 minutes of music intervention. In conditions where mental fatigue induction or music intervention is not conducted, participants will remain in the same experimental environment and rest quietly for the same duration to control for external confounding factors and ensure experimental consistency. Immediately after the intervention, participants will complete golf skill testing, with the testing site located within a 2 minutes walking distance from the intervention area. Performance outcomes include driving performance, iron shot performance, chipping performance, and putting performance.

Вмешательства

• Поведенческое Inducing mental fatigue
  During the mental fatigue induction phase, a 30-minute Stroop task will artificially induce mental fatigue, simulating the mental fatigue state that athletes experience during competitions or training sessions. The Stroop task is a classic cognitive control task widely used for inducing mental fatigue. Research in sports science has shown that a 30-minute Stroop task significantly increases subjective fatigue and reduces physical performance. This study will use a smartphone-based version of the
• Поведенческое Music intervention
  During the music intervention phase, participants will listen to 15 minutes of classical music to facilitate mental fatigue recovery. This study selects Mozart's Eine Kleine Nachtmusik as the intervention music, a piece that has been applied in previous mental fatigue recovery studies and has been validated as an effective intervention. The intervention duration is set at 15 minutes, as multiple studies have confirmed this duration to be sufficient to produce recovery effects without causing add

Первичные конечные точки

• The change in golf driving accuracy after music intervention compared to performance under mental fatigue. [Срок оценки: Baseline and immediately after the music intervention (No more than 40 seconds per shot, with a total duration of about 5 minutes).]
• The change in golf driving shot quality after music intervention compared to performance under mental fatigue. [Срок оценки: Baseline and immediately after the music intervention (No more than 40 seconds per shot, with a total duration of about 5 minutes).]
• The change in iron shot accuracy after music intervention compared to performance under mental fatigue. [Срок оценки: Baseline and immediately after the music intervention (after the driving test) (No more than 40 seconds per shot, with a total duration of about 5 minutes).]
• The change in iron shot shot quality after music intervention compared to performance under mental fatigue. [Срок оценки: Baseline and immediately after the music intervention (after the driving test) (No more than 40 seconds per shot, with a total duration of about 5 minutes).]
• The change in chipping accuracy after music intervention compared to performance under mental fatigue. [Срок оценки: Baseline and immediately after the music intervention (after the iron test) (No more than 40 seconds per shot, with a total duration of about 5 minutes).]
• The change in chipping shot quality after music intervention compared to performance under mental fatigue. [Срок оценки: Baseline and immediately after the music intervention (after the iron test) (No more than 40 seconds per shot, with a total duration of about 5 minutes).]
• The change in putting accuracy after music intervention compared to performance under mental fatigue. [Срок оценки: Baseline and immediately after the music intervention (after the chipping test) (No more than 40 seconds per shot, with a total duration of about 5 minutes).]
• The change in putting shot quality after music intervention compared to performance under mental fatigue. [Срок оценки: Baseline and immediately after the music intervention (after the chipping test) (No more than 40 seconds per shot, with a total duration of about 5 minutes).]
• Mental fatigue [Срок оценки: Baseline, before mental fatigue induction, immediately after mental fatigue induction, and immediately after the music intervention (about 30 seconds per test).]

Вторичные конечные точки (4)

• Immersive Tendency [Срок оценки: Baseline (about 1 minute).]
• Motivation [Срок оценки: Baseline, before mental fatigue induction, immediately after mental fatigue induction, and immediately after the music intervention (about 30 seconds per test).]
• Sport Anxiety [Срок оценки: Baseline, before mental fatigue induction, immediately after mental fatigue induction, and immediately after the music intervention (about 1 minute per test).]
• Rating Perception of Effort [Срок оценки: Baseline, before mental fatigue induction, immediately after mental fatigue induction, and immediately after the music intervention (about 30 seconds per test).]

Критерии участия

Критерии включения

• Athletes must be between 18 and 24 years old.
• Be registered golfers in the National Colleges and Universities Golf Championship.
• Have at least three years of specialised golf training.
• Engage in at least five weekly training sessions.

Критерии исключения

• Colour blindness.
• Hearing loss.
• Insomnia.
• Physical injuries.
• Ongoing mental health issues.
• The use of any medication that might influence cognitive.
• The use of any medication that might influence physical performance.

Критерии приведены из реестра в оригинале (на английском). Окончательную оценку соответствия проводит исследовательский центр.

Здоровые добровольцы: Да

Дизайн исследования

Распределение

Рандомизированное

Модель

Параллельные группы

Маскирование

Тройное слепое

Основная цель

Лечение

Центры проведения

Малайзия · 1 центр

• Universiti Putra Malaysia — Serdang

Публикации

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• Arenales Arauz YL, Habay J, Ocvirk T, Mali A, Russell S, Marusic U, De Pauw K, Roelands B. The interplay of brain neurotransmission and mental fatigue: A research protocol. PLoS One. 2024 Sep 10;19(9):e0310271. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310271. eCollection 2024. PMID 39255295
• Axelsen JL, Kirk U, Staiano W. On-the-spot binaural beats and mindfulness reduces the effect of mental fatigue. Journal of Cognitive Enhancement. 2020 Mar;4(1):31-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41465-019-00162-3
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• Bhandarkar S, Salvi BV, Shende P. Current scenario and potential of music therapy in the management of diseases. Behav Brain Res. 2024 Feb 26;458:114750. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114750. Epub 2023 Nov 8. PMID 37944563
• Borg GA. Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1982;14(5):377-81. PMID 7154893
• Cao S, Geok SK, Roslan S, Sun H, Lam SK, Qian S. Mental Fatigue and Basketball Performance: A Systematic Review. Front Psychol. 2022 Jan 10;12:819081. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.819081. eCollection 2021. PMID 35082736
• Caparros-Gonzalez RA, de la Torre-Luque A, Diaz-Piedra C, Vico FJ, Buela-Casal G. Listening to Relaxing Music Improves Physiological Responses in Premature Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Adv Neonatal Care. 2018 Feb;18(1):58-69. doi: 10.1097/ANC.0000000000000448. PMID 29045255

Идентификаторы

NCT: NCT06952283 · HUSOM2025-066

Первоисточники (государственные реестры)

• ClinicalTrials.gov (NIH, США)

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