The Effects of Glasses-Free 3D Training on Visual and Cognitive Function in Presbyopic Individuals

Presbyopia is a manifestation of aging, and the prevalence of presbyopia increases with age. About 1.7 to 2 billion people in the world have presbyopia. According to the criteria proposed by Hofstetter in 1950, presbyopia symptoms begin to appear in different individuals from the age of 40, and complete presbyopia occurs at the age of 60. With the occurrence of presbyopia, there will be a series of accompanying diseases, such as the decrease of contrast sensitivity, leading to visual discomfort. Moreover, near work is difficult and even affects daily life.

Conventional ophthalmic analysis and intervention are sufficient. Although invasive correction methods can achieve satisfactory visual quality, there is a certain surgical risk. It is necessary to consider not only the patient's general condition, but also the follow-up care. Some monocular correction at the cost of binocular stereoscopic vision will cause the damage of depth perception and seriously affect stereoscopic vision. Non-invasive methods also have certain limitations, such as glasses correction will increase the risk of falls due to the surrounding jumping and swimming effects, the effect of drugs is temporary, and will cause a series of adverse reactions. The glasses-free 3D vision training equipment is simple to operate, easy to implement the training process, and the content is variable, and no other equipment is needed. Due to the popularity of video terminals, the prevalence of electronic device related asthenopia is also increasing. In order to explore the improvement of accommodation function and the relief of asthenopia after glasses-free 3D training, a randomized controlled trial was designed. The effects of this training on the central nervous system were analyzed by electroencephalogram (EEG) and near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).

The aim of this study is to evaluate the improvement of visual function, application ability of visual function, and visual comfort in patients with presbyopia through the intervention of glasses-free 3D visual training, and to evaluate the functional changes of brain visual-related areas in patients with presbyopia before and after the training combined with EEG and NIRS. To explore the effects of stereoscopic stimulation on the functional connectivity of brain regions and different frequency bands. To explore the scientific nature and effectiveness of glasses-free 3D visual training in the rehabilitation of presbyopia, to provide a new theoretical basis and method for the clinical treatment of presbyopia, and to provide more information and clues for exploring the complex stereo vision imaging mechanism in the fields of brain science and ophthalmology.

• Asthenopia scale [Срок оценки: Baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks of training]
• Vergence facility [Срок оценки: Baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks of training]
• Accommodative convergence to accommodation(AC/A) [Срок оценки: Baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks of training]
• The node efficiency [Срок оценки: Baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks of training]
• Hemodynamic response functions [Срок оценки: Baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks of training]
• Convergence accommodation to convergence(CA/C) [Срок оценки: Baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks of training]
• Functional connectivity network [Срок оценки: Baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks of training]
• Negative relative vergence [Срок оценки: Baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks of training]
• Positive relative vergence [Срок оценки: Baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks of training]