Εffectiveness of a Digital Social Intervention in Primary Care

Patients with troublesome asthma, from 50-70 UK general practices, who might consider seeking advice online will be identified through a short online survey. The survey will include an asthma control test (ACT) questionnaire, a question about the network of support they have with their asthma, whether they are members of another existing online health community and whether they would be interested in taking part in a research study involving engagement in an asthma online health community (if randomised to the intervention arm).

Patients meeting the eligibility criteria will be asked to attend a one-to-one consultation with a healthcare professional at their general practice, who will randomise them using a randomisation tool and subsequently deliver the intervention encouraging them to engage with the asthma online health community or provide usual primary care, respectively. Participants of the intervention arm will be given a username and password for the Asthma + Lung UK online health community and shown how to login to the online health community. Participants will be asked to complete an online questionnaire at this consultation and again 12 months later. The consultation should take 30-45 minutes and completing the data-collection questionnaire 12 months later should take around 10 minutes.

During the 12-month period after the consultation, patients will be phoned by members of the research team every 3 months to collect data through an ACT questionnaire as well as volume of asthma exacerbations and associated healthcare utiilisation (primary and secondary care attendances) within last 3 months. Monthly text messages will also be sent to participants in the intervention arm who have consented, reminding them to engage with the online health community. The final follow-up questionnaire will include questions about how well their asthma is controlled, anxiety and depression, taking their asthma medication, and quality of life. Subject to participants' consent, the investigators will also endeavour to extract data from healthcare records about asthma exacerbations and use of primary and secondary care health services during the 12-month follow-up period (for both control and intervention arm participants). This data will be obtained from 'Discovery' for practices in North-East London. 'Discovery' is a clinical partnership project in East London, run by the Clinical Effectiveness Group at Queen Mary University of London and setting out to link primary and secondary care records, by creating a single database. The Clinical Effectiveness Group extracts data in an anonymised format. For practices in other parts of the UK, NHS Digital will be used to obtain data from healthcare records, and respective protocols and policies will be followed.

Data on intervention arm participants' use of the Asthma + Lung UK OHC during the study period will be collected and analysed, subject to consent, including the amount of engagement (number of days, hours/day etc.), community/ies joined, number of logins, number of likes, and time spent on pages, as well as the content of any public posts made by participants (private messages sent on the OHC will not be accessed or analysed).

At the end of the 12-month follow-up period, one-to-one interviews will be carried out with approximately 25 of the participating patients and approximately 15 of the HCPs involved in the study. Exact numbers will be determined by the point of data saturation being reached, with further interviewees being recruited if necessary. A convenience sample of participants will be invited (by email/text/phone) to take part in this one-off interview, which will last around one hour. Interviews will be carried out by a member of the research team and take place remotely via an appropriate online platform (Zoom or Microsoft Teams). During the interview, participants will be asked a series of questions (from a pre-determined list) exploring their views about their involvement in the study. Interviews will be audio recorded (after securing participants' consent - relevant field in the consent form) for subsequent analysis.

• Anxiety [Срок оценки: Baseline and at the end of a 12 month follow-up period]
• Depression [Срок оценки: Baseline and at the end of a 12 month follow-up period]
• Self-efficacy [Срок оценки: Baseline and at the end of a 12 month follow-up period]
• Health-related quality of life [Срок оценки: Baseline and very three months in a 12 month follow-up period]
• Adherence to medications [Срок оценки: Baseline and at the end of a 12 month follow-up period]
• Number of asthma exacerbations over last 3 months [Срок оценки: Baseline and very three months in a 12 month follow-up period]
• Primary and secondary care use over last 3 months [Срок оценки: Baseline and very three months in a 12 month follow-up period]
• Cost-effectiveness in relation to use of online health communities (likely a Markov model), including resource requirements, and costs for development, moderation, governance, and clinical oversight of online health communities [Срок оценки: Calculations/estimations at various time-points during a 12 month follow-up period]
• Amount of online health community engagement (for intervention arm participants) [Срок оценки: End of a 12 month follow-up period]
• Type (passive versus active) of online health community engagement (for intervention arm participants) [Срок оценки: End of a 12 month follow-up period]
• Amount of time spent on the online health community (for intervention arm participants) [Срок оценки: End of a 12 month follow-up period]
• Number of communities joined (for intervention arm participants) [Срок оценки: End of a 12 month follow-up period]