SCREENING AFTER STROKE - ATRIAL FIBRILLATION

Официальное название

SCREENING AFTER STROKE - ATRIAL FIBRILLATION - the SIGNIFICANCE of TIMING and CHOICE of DEVICE

Обзор

As much as 20-30% of all strokes are attributed to atrial fibrillation (AF), making the detection of AF highly important, as AF-related strokes are largely preventable with optimal treatment. Therefore, most guidelines recommend screening patients for AF after a stroke, although the optimal timing and choice of monitoring device for screening remain undefined. Our aim is to investigate whether AF screening as early as possible after stroke symptom onset provides a higher detection rate compared to screening after discharge. Additionally, we aim to determine if a 3-lead ECG device provides a higher detection rate compared to a 1-lead patch recorder.

Подробное описание

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common cardiac arrhythmias, affecting over 2% of all adults in the general population, with prevalence increasing with age and cardiovascular risk factors. AF is responsible for at least 20% of all stroke cases, and stroke may often be the first manifestation of AF. Compared to strokes of other etiologies, AF-related strokes are associated with larger infarctions, worse outcomes, and higher mortality. Detecting previously undiagnosed AF in stroke patients is crucial for optimal secondary prevention through oral anticoagulation therapy.

As a result, guidelines emphasize the importance of AF screening in stroke patients to prevent recurrent strokes. Since AF can be asymptomatic and occur only intermittently, diagnosis may be easily missed or delayed. Studies have shown that prolonged screening increases detection rates. According to current knowledge, international AF and stroke guidelines recommend prolonged cardiac monitoring of at least 24 hours to detect subclinical AF if no other cause of stroke is identified.

However, while guidance exists on screening duration, none of the guidelines provide specific recommendations regarding the choice of device or the timing of screening. The sensitivity of AF detection likely depends on the screening strategy, timing, device, and algorithm used, but this area has been only minimally studied. Evidence suggests that the highest yield for AF detection may be early after stroke symptom onset. Nevertheless, significant knowledge gaps remain, and current screening strategies are not fully satisfactory.

Efforts to improve AF detection are warranted. This project aims to explore:

i. Whether prolonged AF screening initiated upon hospital admission after acute stroke results in a higher detection rate compared to prolonged ambulatory screening after discharge ii. Whether a 3-lead continuous ECG device has a higher detection rate compared to a 1-lead continuous patch recorder iii. A comparison of continuous vs. intermittent ECG AF screening for detection

The design involves a prospective observational trial of an unselected cohort of patients admitted with acute stroke to Bærum Hospital. Eligible participants include all patients above 18 years old without known AF or those with previously diagnosed paroxysmal AF exhibiting sinus rhythm upon admission. Upon admission to the Stroke Unit, patients will as soon as possible undergo a 48-hour in-hospital continuous heart monitoring, followed by a second 48-hour continuous heart monitoring upon discharge (ambulatory).

In addition, an intermittent AF screening with hand held thumb ECG, will be performed 3 times a day for 30 seconds, and for 3 consecutive days during the hospital stay in a sample of the participants, and compared to detection rate with continues heart monitoring.

Первичные конечные точки

• Impact of timing: Atrial fibrillation detection rate [Срок оценки: 48 to 96 hours]

Вторичные конечные точки (2)

• Impact of device: Atrial fibrilation detection rate in 1-lead vs. 3-lead ECG recorder [Срок оценки: 48 hours]
• Impact of Continuity: Atrial fibrillation detection rate in continuous vs. intermittent ECG monitoring [Срок оценки: 72 hours]

Критерии участия

Критерии включения

• 18 years or older
• Ischemic stroke
• Without known AF or those with previously diagnosed paroxysmal AF exhibiting sinus rhythm upon admission

Критерии исключения

• AF at hosptial admission
• Unable or unwilling to provide informed consent
• A life expectancy of less than one year

Критерии приведены из реестра в оригинале (на английском). Окончательную оценку соответствия проводит исследовательский центр.

Здоровые добровольцы: Нет

Дизайн исследования

Модель наблюдения

Когортное

Центры проведения

Норвегия · 1 центр

• Vestre Viken Hospital trust, Baerum Hospital — Sogneprest Munthe-kaas Vei 100

Публикации

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• Kannel WB, Abbott RD, Savage DD, McNamara PM. Epidemiologic features of chronic atrial fibrillation: the Framingham study. N Engl J Med. 1982 Apr 29;306(17):1018-22. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198204293061703. PMID 7062992
• Chugh SS, Havmoeller R, Narayanan K, Singh D, Rienstra M, Benjamin EJ, Gillum RF, Kim YH, McAnulty JH Jr, Zheng ZJ, Forouzanfar MH, Naghavi M, Mensah GA, Ezzati M, Murray CJ. Worldwide epidemiology of atrial fibrillation: a Global Burden of Disease 2010 Study. Circulation. 2014 Feb 25;129(8):837-47. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.005119. Epub 2013 Dec 17. PMID 24345399

Идентификаторы

NCT: NCT06675383 · SAS-AF study

Первоисточники (государственные реестры)

• ClinicalTrials.gov (NIH, США)

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