Effectiveness of ALB-PRF With Two Types of Bone Grafts With Putty Form Around Immediate Dental Implants.

I) Patient selection Participants will be selected from the outpatient clinic in the Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University. All patients will be informed regarding the study nature of the surgical procedures, time of treatment, benefits, the suspected risk or complications and follow-up schedule visits and requested to sign a written consent. This study will be performed after getting approval by the ethics committee of the Faculty of Dentistry at Mansoura University.(A02090230M)

Inclusion criteria:

* Patient between 20-40 years old. * Unrestorable maxillary tooth/ teeth in the aesthetic zone. * Adequate keratinized soft tissue. * Favorable pattern of occlusion. * Good oral hygiene. * Patient ability to comply with the required recall visits. * Patients with type II socket.

Exclusion Criteria:

* Local or systemic diseases that contraindicate implant placement or surgery. * Smokers * Patients with parafunctional habits.

Study design:

Selected participants will receive forty implants that will be placed immediately after extraction of unrestorable maxillary tooth/ teeth in the aesthetic zone. According to the type of the used bone graft and membrane, the participants will be randomly divided into 4 equal groups:

Group I: will include 10 patients, in which participants will receive immediate implant with nano-crystalline putty hydroxyapatite as bone graft and collagen as membrane. Group II: will include 10 patients, in which participants will receive immediate implant with beta-tricalcium phosphate + calcium sulphate as bone graft and collagen as membrane.

Group III: will include 10 patients, in which participants will receive immediate implant with nano-crystalline putty hydroxyapatite as bone graft and ALB- PRF as membrane. Group IV: will include 10 patients, in which participants will receive immediate implant with beta-tricalcium phosphate + calcium sulphate as bone graft and ALB- PRF as membrane.

Procedures:

Pre-surgical phase:

* Pre-operative CBCT will be used to evaluate the mesiodistal width (inter-radicular distance), residual bone beyond the apex, socket width and root angulation. * Study cast analysis to evaluate teeth inclinations, inter-arch space and occlusion. - Diagnostic waxing up of missing tooth. * Premedication: Patients will be premedicated by Amoxicillin 2 gm one hour before surgery as a prophylactic antibiotic, in addition patient will instructed to rinse with a 0.2% chlorhexidine mouth wash for 1 minute immediately prior to surgery.

Surgical phase:

1. Injection of local anesthetic Articaine hydrochloride 4% with Epinephrine (1:100,000). 2. Atraumatic removal of remaining root or tooth then implant will be placed according to the standard protocol. 3. Sulcular incision with be made 15c blade Minimally vertical releasing incision. 4. Implant placement with copious irrigation. 5. Membranes placement: either ALB-PRF or collagen followed by insertion of putty form of bone graft materials according to the study design. 6. Customized healing abutment application. 7. Suturing of wound edges with 0.5 suture around the customized healing abutment.

Post-surgical instruction:

* Patients will be instructed to use 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate mouth wash for 1 minute twice a day for 2 weeks. * Patients will be maintained on amoxicillin 1gm twice a day for six days postoperatively. * Ibuprofen 400 mg will be prescribed to be taken 2 to 4 times a day during meals as analgesic.

Loading on implant will be done four months after the implant insertion.

Evaluation:

I) Clinical Evaluation: all the following clinical parameters will be reassessed at 0,6,12 months.

1. Esthetics:

Will be evaluated according to pink esthetic score (PES). 2. Peri-implant pocket depth:

The distance between the base of the pocket and the gingival margin will be measured using a graduated plastic probe. 3. Plaque index (PI) :

Plaque index will be taken as an indicator for the patient oral hygiene. 4. Implant stability evaluation:

Using Resonance Frequency Analysis device (Osstell), implant stability will be assessed in both groups at baseline, 6 months , and 12 months postoperative 5. Modified bleeding index. Modified bleeding index will be taken as an indicator gingival inflammation.

II) Radiographic Evaluation:

Using cone beam CT (CBCT) scan, the changes in the marginal bone level and the thickness of buccal plate will be measured at baseline, 6 months and 12 months postoperative.

III) Laboratory analysis :

Samples will be collected using sterile paper strip at day of surgery, one, two, four, and eight weeks postoperatively for analysis of the growth factors concentration according to manufacture instruction using multiplex immunoassay.

Statistical analysis:

The data will be collected and statistical analysis will be done

• Peri-implant pocket depth [Срок оценки: baseline, 6 months and 12 months postoperative.]
• Implant stability evaluation [Срок оценки: baseline, 6 months , and 12 months postoperative]
• Modified bleeding index [Срок оценки: baseline, 6 months , and 12 months postoperative]
• growth factors concentration [Срок оценки: one, two, four, and eight weeks postoperatively]