The Effect of Different Focus of Attention Instructions on Resistance Training and Its Transfer to Gait Parameters in Older Adults

Официальное название

Strength Training for Gait Rehabilitation in Older Adults: Insights From Neuroscience

Обзор

The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate the effects of strength training with different focus of attention strategies on plantar flexor force and how this affects gait in apparently healthy older adults. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Is there an acute effect of focus of attention on non-linear force variability and the subjacent neurophysiological mechanisms in apparently healthy young and older adults? * Is there a training effect of focus of attention on non-linear force variability and does it transfer to non-linear gait variability as well as the respective subjacent neurophysiological mechanisms in apparently healthy older adults? Researchers will compare two different external focus strategies with an internal focus to see if non-linear variability increases and subjacent neurophysiological mechanisms are more automized with an external focus of attention compared to an internal focus. In the acute study young adults are assessed as the differences between focus conditions are thought to be in the same direction as for older adults but attenuated. Participants will carry out training and strength assessments of the calf muscles and walking on a treadmill.

Вмешательства

• Другое Strength training with an internal focus of attention
  A 4 weeks strength training program of seated calf raises with progressive overload is carried out. A supervisor applies force specific internal focus instruction in three sessions per week with at least 48h rest time. One session consists of 3 series until failure with 75%RM. Rest intervals between series are defined as 2 minutes.
• Другое Strength training with a proprioceptive external focus of attention
  A 4 weeks strength training program of seated calf raises with progressive overload is carried out. A supervisor applies force specific proprioceptive external focus instruction in three sessions per week with at least 48h rest time. One session consists of 3 series until failure with 75%RM. Rest intervals between series are defined as 2 minutes.
• Другое Strength training with a visual external focus of attention
  A 4 weeks strength training program of seated calf raises with progressive overload is carried out. A supervisor applies force specific visual external focus instruction in three sessions per week with at least 48h rest time. One session consists of 3 series until failure with 75%RM. Rest intervals between series are defined as 2 minutes.

Первичные конечные точки

• Change from Baseline in Non-linear Force Variability after each Week during Intervention and 2 Weeks Follow-Up [Срок оценки: Baseline, Week1, Week2, Week3, Week4 and Follow-Up (Week6)]
• Change from Baseline in Non-linear Gait Variability after each Week during Intervention and 2 Weeks Follow-Up [Срок оценки: Baseline, Week1, Week2, Week3, Week4 and Follow-Up (Week6)]
• Change from Baseline in Cortico-Spinal Excitability after 2 Weeks, 4 Weeks of Intervention and 2 Weeks Follow-Up [Срок оценки: Baseline, Week2, Week4 and Follow-Up (Week6)]
• Change from Baseline in Cortico-Spinal Inhibition after 2 Weeks, 4 Weeks of Intervention and 2 Weeks Follow-Up [Срок оценки: Baseline, Week2, Week4 and Follow-Up (Week6)]
• Change from Baseline in Intra-Cortical Inhibition after 2 Weeks, 4 Weeks of Intervention and 2 Weeks Follow-Up [Срок оценки: Baseline, Week2, Week4 and Follow-Up (Week6)]
• Change from Baseline in Intra-Cortical Facilitation after 2 Weeks, 4 Weeks of Intervention and 2 Weeks Follow-Up [Срок оценки: Baseline, Week2, Week4 and Follow-Up (Week6)]

Вторичные конечные точки (5)

• Change from Baseline in Antagonist Co-Contraction Index after 2Weeks, 4 Weeks of Intervention and 2 Weeks Follow-Up [Срок оценки: Baseline, Week2, Week4 and Follow-Up (Week6)]
• Change from Baseline in Linear Force Variability after each Week during Intervention and 2 Weeks Follow-Up [Срок оценки: Baseline, Week1, Week2, Week3, Week4 and Follow-Up (Week6)]
• Change from Baseline in Linear Gait Variability after each Week during Intervention and 2 Weeks Follow-Up [Срок оценки: Baseline, Week1, Week2, Week3, Week4 and Follow-Up (Week6)]
• Change from Baseline of Hip, Knee, Ankle Range of Motion during Gait after 2Weeks, 4 Weeks of Intervention and 2 Weeks Follow-Up [Срок оценки: Baseline, Week2, Week4 and Follow-Up (Week6)]
• Change from Baseline of Minimum Toe Clearance during Gait after after 2Weeks, 4 Weeks of Intervention and 2 Weeks Follow-Up [Срок оценки: Baseline, Week2, Week4 and Follow-Up (Week6)]

Критерии участия

Критерии включения

\- Signed informed consent

Критерии исключения

• Severe cardiovascular or pulmonary disease
• Oncological disease
• Lower limb disabilities
• Neurological disorders
• Inability to walk unassisted for 12 continuous minutes
• Cognitive impairment
• Falls in the prior 12 months
• Orthopedic concerns, which might limit force production
• Metal implants
• Medicine that can trigger side effects with TMS

Критерии приведены из реестра в оригинале (на английском). Окончательную оценку соответствия проводит исследовательский центр.

Здоровые добровольцы: Да

Дизайн исследования

Распределение

Рандомизированное

Модель

Параллельные группы

Маскирование

Простое слепое

Основная цель

Другое

Центры проведения

Португалия · 1 центр

• Egas Moniz School of Health & Science — Monte de Caparica

Идентификаторы

NCT: NCT06538766 · 1236- Fractal of attention

Первоисточники (государственные реестры)

• ClinicalTrials.gov (NIH, США)

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