Enhancing Brain Connectivity in Schizophrenia Through Neuromodulation (Study 1)

Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness that affects about 1% of the population but a major source of disability. Information processing between brain regions occurs due to transfer of electrical impulses among them. This process is determined by the existing neuronal/fiber connections, which may be altered and or modified in the presence of neuronal stimulation or cognitive intervention. The frontal lobe information flow is critical for higher cognitive functions, thought processes, and proper emotional and behavioral responses. Improving the myelination in the frontal lobe may increase cognitive functions and reduce risks to develop symptoms of schizophrenia. The investigators propose that increasing electrical signaling in the frontal white matter in patients with schizophrenia may also enhance myelination and improve the white matter integrity.

The patients with schizophrenia will receive active repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment. The rTMS with H coil is FDA-cleared for short-term smoking cessation in the general population. Its efficacy in myelination modulation has not been evaluated.

• Electrophysiological response as indicated by mismatch negativity as assessed by electroencephalography (EEG) [Срок оценки: baseline, visit 6 (about 1 week after baseline), visit 10 (about 2 weeks after baseline)]
• Electrophysiological response as indicated by steady-state auditory evoked responses from electroencephalography recording (EEG) [Срок оценки: baseline, visit 6 (about 1 week after baseline), visit 10 (about 2 weeks after baseline)]
• Cognitive insight as assessed by the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale [Срок оценки: baseline, visit 6 (about 1 week after baseline), visit 10 (about 2 weeks after baseline)]
• Depression as assessed by the Depression State and Trait Scale (DST) - state [Срок оценки: baseline, visit 6 (about 1 week after baseline), visit 10 (about 2 weeks after baseline)]
• Depression as assessed by the Depression State and Trait Scale (DST) - trait [Срок оценки: baseline, visit 6 (about 1 week after baseline), visit 10 (about 2 weeks after baseline)]
• Depression as assessed by the Calgary Depression Scale [Срок оценки: baseline, visit 6 (about 1 week after baseline), visit 10 (about 2 weeks after baseline)]
• Depression as assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory [Срок оценки: baseline, visit 6 (about 1 week after baseline), visit 10 (about 2 weeks after baseline)]
• Perception as assessed by the Perception State and Trait Scale - state [Срок оценки: baseline, visit 6 (about 1 week after baseline), visit 10 (about 2 weeks after baseline)]
• Perception as assessed by the Perception State and Trait Scale - trait [Срок оценки: baseline, visit 6 (about 1 week after baseline), visit 10 (about 2 weeks after baseline)]
• Delusion as assessed by the 21-item Peters Delusion Inventory (PDI-21) [Срок оценки: baseline, visit 6 (about 1 week after baseline), visit 10 (about 2 weeks after baseline)]
• Emotion regulation as assessed by the Profile of Mood States (POMS) [Срок оценки: day 1 after baseline, day 2 after baseline, day 3 after baseline, day 4 after baseline, day 5 after baseline, day 9 after baseline, day 10 after baseline]
• Hallucination as assessed by the Revised Hallucinations Scale (RHS) [Срок оценки: day 1 after baseline, day 2 after baseline, day 3 after baseline, day 4 after baseline, day 5 after baseline, day 9 after baseline, day 10 after baseline]