Integrated Clinical Decision Support for Empiric Antibiotic Selection in Sepsis

Официальное название

Integrated Clinical Decision Support for Empiric Antibiotic Selection in Sepsis: A Cluster Randomized Cross-Over Trial (IDEAS-CRXO)

Обзор

As antibiotic resistance increases globally, it becomes more difficult to select empiric antibiotic therapy, particularly in patients with sepsis who stand to benefit from early adequate treatment. In particular it is difficult for clinicians to balance antibiotic stewardship principles (the need to avoid unnecessary prescribing of antibiotics that have an excessively broad spectrum of activity that favour resistance development) and under treatment. The integration of multiple risk variables for resistance are hard for clinicians to translate into clinical action, and is seemingly at odds with the natural inclination to provide heuristic/emotion-based antibiotic selection. The inappropriate treatment of sepsis is not uniformly too broad, or too narrow, and there is a need to optimize and tailor selection of antibiotic therapy to each patient, such that those that are at risk for resistant organisms receive broad therapy, and those that are not at risk, receive narrower antibiotic agents. Clinicians need support picking the right antibiotic for each patient, and from this they can potentially drive reduction of unnecessarily broad antibiotic prescribing while preserving adequacy of treatment. Individualized clinical prediction models and decision support interventions are promising approaches that meet these needs by improving the classification of patient risk for antibiotic resistant or susceptible infections in sepsis. Unfortunately, few have been validated in the clinical setting and larger rigorous studies are needed to provide the evidence to support broader clinical adoption. The investigators will perform a cluster randomized cross-over trial of an individualized antibiotic prescribing decision support intervention for providers treating hospitalized patients with suspected sepsis. The aim of this trial is to determine whether a stewardship led clinical decision support intervention can improve antibiotic de-escalation in patients with sepsis while maintaining or improving adequacy of antibiotic coverage. This decision support intervention will be based on a combination of proven decision heuristics (for Gram-positive organisms) and modelled predicted susceptibilities (for Gram-negative organisms) that are individualized to the patient. The primary outcome will be the proportion of patients de-escalated from their initial empiric regimen at 48 hours.

Вмешательства

• Другое Clinical Decision Support Algorithm for Empiric Antibiotics in Sepsis
  A clinical decision support algorithm for empiric antibiotic selection in suspected infection.

Первичные конечные точки

• Number of Patients De-escalated [Срок оценки: 48 hours]

Вторичные конечные точки (12)

• Time to adequate therapy for positive blood cultures [Срок оценки: 0-7 days]
• Time to adequate therapy for positive non-screening cultures [Срок оценки: 0-7 days]
• Number of Patients Receiving Adequate Therapy at 48 hours based on blood cultures [Срок оценки: 48 hours]
• Number of Patients Receiving Adequate Therapy at 48 hours based on non-screening cultures [Срок оценки: 48 hours]
• Mortality [Срок оценки: 90 days]
• Length of stay [Срок оценки: 0-90 days]
• De-escalation extent [Срок оценки: 48 hours]
• Antibiotic spectrum at completion [Срок оценки: Completion of therapy, up to 90 days]
• Number of Patients with C.difficile Infection [Срок оценки: 90 days]
• Number of Patients Requiring Dialysis [Срок оценки: 90 days]
• Days of antibiotic therapy [Срок оценки: End of index admission, up to 90 days]
• Number of Patients with Antibiotic Escalation [Срок оценки: 48 hours]

Критерии участия

Критерии включения

• Admitted
• Age >18 years old
• Newly started (within 24 hours of assessment for eligibility) on at least one of the following antibiotic(s):

I. Vancomycin IV II. Linezolid III. Daptomycin IV. Clindamycin V. Cefazolin VI. Cloxacillin VII. Ceftriaxone VIII. Ceftazidime IX. Piperacillin-Tazobactam X. Meropenem (or Imipenem or Ertapenem) XI. Ciprofloxacin

• Blood cultures ordered (within 12 hours before or after initiation of index antibiotics).

Overall Exclusion:

• Pregnancy/breastfeeding
• Documented end-of-life (palliative) care and are/will not be receiving ongoing antibiotic treatment.
• Already enrolled in the trial.
• Positive clinical culture results (those with speciation) for the index infection (within 72 hours) already available prior to assessment. Blood cultures with any Gram-positives will be an exclusion. Other cultures that are positive with a Gram-stain result but not speciation will not be an exclusion criteria.
• Explanatory molecular test (e.g. legionella urinary antigen test, sars-cov-2 testing) within 72 hours prior to assessment.
• Receipt of antimicrobials (not chronic suppression or prophylaxis) in the prior 24-72 hours (except if started in the outpatient setting or ED prior to admission in the 24-72 hours).
• The index prescription is a continuation of an antibiotic given for suppressive chronic therapy or long-standing treatment of an established infection.
• Index antibiotics are peri-operative only or ordered for <24 hours.
• Cystic fibrosis.
• Known to be enrolled in a trial that dictates antimicrobial selection.
• Not eligible for any of the algorithms.

Критерии приведены из реестра в оригинале (на английском). Окончательную оценку соответствия проводит исследовательский центр.

Здоровые добровольцы: Нет

Дизайн исследования

Распределение

Рандомизированное

Модель

Перекрёстный дизайн

Маскирование

Открытое

Основная цель

Лечение

Центры проведения

Канада · 3 центра

• Trillium Health Partners — Mississauga
• The Ottawa Hospital — Ottawa
• Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre — Toronto

Идентификаторы

NCT: NCT06103500 · 20230322-01T

Первоисточники (государственные реестры)

• ClinicalTrials.gov (NIH, США)

Открыть это исследование на ClinicalTrials.gov ↗