Secondary Prevention With the Lifestyle Tool

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of death in most European countries, and new strategies for prevention are urgently needed.

Previous studies on primary and secondary prevention have shown that lifestyle interventions can affect risk factors for CVD and reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Many prevention programmes are, however, time-limited and fail to provide continuous support. They also require substantial costs and healthcare resources. Furthermore, accessibility to primary and secondary cardiac prevention programmes is highly variable, as is long-term adherence to lifestyle advice.

In light of this, international associations have emphasized the need for innovative, scalable and cost-effective lifestyle interventions that could be integrated into pre-existing healthcare structures. Digital tools have large potential for clinical utility, but there are several important knowledge gaps. First, data on long-term efficacy is scarce. Second, most studies to date have included only small number of individuals, and there is a need for large randomized controlled studies. Third, cost-effectiveness remains to be demonstrated.

The objective or this study is to evaluate a new web-based tool, developed at the University Gothenburg, Sweden, that aims to support patient autonomy and motivation to make sustainable lifestyle changes.

In individuals who have previously suffered from a myocardial infarction the investigators will test the hypothesis that those who access to the tool have lower incidence of further major cardiovascular events (MACE) compared with control individuals.

The study is an investigator-initiated single-center study conducted over three years.

The tool is web-based and used via a computer or mobile phone. It is used at each individual's preferred pace but participants are recommended to login at least every other week. Every round the participants choose a themes (out of appr. 80 possible covering e.g. food, exercise, stress, self-reflection aspects), which takes appr. 15-30 minutes to complete. Participants then reflect on the content and how it could be implemented in daily life. When returning for next round participants are asked to reflect on any changes done since last time.