Stereotactic Arrhythmia Radioablation for Ventricular Tachycardia (StAR-VT)

Официальное название

Stereotactic Arrhythmia Radioablation for Ventricular Tachycardia (StAR-VT): a Single Centre, Phase II, Dose De-escalation, Non-inferiority, Clinical Trial.

Обзор

In 2017 a novel treatment approach to a series of 5 patients with refractory VT was introduced, using ablative radiation with a stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) technique to arrhythmogenic scar regions defined by noninvasive cardiac mapping. More recently, Robinson et al. reported on the results of their Electrophysiology-Guided Noninvasive Cardiac Radioablation for Ventricular Tachycardia (ENCORE-VT) trial, also using a similar SBRT technique in a series of 17 patients with refractory VT. Both studies report a marked reduction in VT burden, a decrease in antiarrhythmic drug use, and an improvement in quality of life. Since then, numerous other centres have detailed their initial experience with this technique. These initial results suggest that this new treatment paradigm has the potential to improve morbidity and mortality for patients suffering from treatment-refractory VT by means of a minimally invasive technique, but requires further validation for widespread use. The appropriate dose for therapeutic effect of this new treatment is not well established as only a single dose prescription of 25 Gy in 1 fraction has been described with benefit. In this phase 2 trial, the investigators plan on expanding the experience with this technique but also by contributing to understanding the relationship between dose-effect relationship through a dose de-escalation stratification, to 20 Gy in 1 fraction, with the goal of minimizing possible adverse events and radiation dose to surrounding healthy tissue while maintaining a clinical benefit.

Подробное описание

Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is a potentially life-threatening arrhythmia characterized by electrical re-entry within patches of heterogeneous myocardial fibrosis leading to sustained consecutive ventricular beats at a rate \> 100 per minute. VT is classified based on hemodynamic stability, duration (less than or greater than 30 seconds), morphology (monomorphic or polymorphic), and mechanism (scar-related re-entry, automaticity, triggered activity.

In patients with monomorphic VT, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) have become the cornerstone of therapy in decreasing mortality, through the prevention of sudden death from potentially lethal sustained arrhythmia in select patients. However, ICDs have no effect on the underlying arrhythmogenic substrate or fibrotic scar and thus are primarily a symptom-control therapy; patients may develop recurrent and debilitating shocks associated with an increase in mortality. Currently, catheter ablation (CA) for VT is used as an adjunctive therapy for patients who are refractory to medical therapy. A recent systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and observation studies comparing medical therapy and catheter ablation for VT shows that CA is superior to medical therapy for scar-related VT with respect to VT recurrence and the life-threatening VT storm. Despite this, there is still a high reported incidence of VT recurrence in both medically-treated (48%) and ablation-treated (39%) patients, suggesting that the current treatment paradigm is suboptimal for good control of this debilitating arrhythmia.

In 2017, Cuculich et al. introduced a novel treatment approach to a series of 5 patients with refractory VT, using ablative radiation with a stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) technique to arrhythmogenic scar regions defined by noninvasive cardiac mapping. More recently, Robinson et al. reported on the results of their Electrophysiology-Guided Noninvasive Cardiac Radioablation for Ventricular Tachycardia (ENCORE-VT) trial, also using a similar SBRT technique in a series of 17 patients with refractory VT. Both studies report a marked reduction in VT burden, a decrease in antiarrhythmic drug use, and an improvement in quality of life. These initial results suggest that this new treatment paradigm has the potential to vastly improve morbidity and mortality for patients suffering from VT by means of a minimally invasive technique, but requires further validation for widespread use.

Additionally, the appropriate dose for therapeutic effect of this new treatment is not well established as only a single dose prescription of 25 Gy in 1 fraction has been described with benefit. In this phase 2 trial, the investigators plan on expanding the experience with this technique but also by contributing to understanding the relationship between dose-effect relationship through a dose de-escalation stratification, to 20 Gy in 1 fraction, with the goal of minimizing possible adverse events and radiation dose to surrounding healthy tissue while maintaining a clinical benefit.

Вмешательства

• Лучевая терапия stereotactic body radiotherapy, 20 Gy in 1 fraction
  A single dose of focused radiation therapy of 20 Gy in 1 fraction to the PTV of the arrhythmogenic substrate

Первичные конечные точки

• Change in arrhythmia burden measured by the number of VT events [Срок оценки: 6 months and 12 months following study intervention]
• Change in arrhythmia burden measured by the number of ICD events [Срок оценки: 6 months and 12 months following study intervention]
• Acute radiation toxicity within the first 90 days measured by the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0 [Срок оценки: 90 days following study intervention.]

Вторичные конечные точки (4)

• Late radiation toxicity occurring after the first 90 days until 5 years measured by the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0 [Срок оценки: 90 days - 5 years following study intervention]
• Changes in number and doses of antiarrhythmic drugs [Срок оценки: 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years following study intervention]
• Patient-Reported Quality of life as measured by the short form-36 questionnaire [Срок оценки: 6 months, 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years following study intervention]
• Patient-Reported Quality of life as measured by the Arrhythmia-specific questionnaire in Tachycardia and arrhythmia (ASTA) [Срок оценки: 6 months, 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years following study intervention]

Критерии участия

Критерии включения

• 18 years of age
• Ishemic or non-ischemic cardiomyopathy
• Recurrent episodes of monomorphic ventricular tachycardia having failed standard treatment with at least 1 antiarrhythmic drug
• Previous endocardial and/or epicardial electrophysiology study and ablation.

Participants who have a contraindication to electrophysiology studies (ventricular thrombus, absence of vascular access, valvular heart disease or mechanical heart valve that precludes left-ventricular access) may be eligible for the protocol provided the arrhythmic substrate can be defined through non-invasive methods.

Критерии исключения

• Previous RT in the treatment field that precludes furth RT
• Active connective tissue disease
• Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis
• Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals
• Participants who plan to become pregnant or breast feed during the study duration

Критерии приведены из реестра в оригинале (на английском). Окончательную оценку соответствия проводит исследовательский центр.

Здоровые добровольцы: Нет

Дизайн исследования

Распределение

Не применимо

Модель

Одна группа

Маскирование

Открытое

Основная цель

Лечение

Центры проведения

Канада · 1 центр

• Cedars Cancer Center, McGill University Health Centre — Montreal

Публикации

• AlKalbani A, AlRawahi N. Management of monomorphic ventricular tachycardia electrical storm in structural heart disease. J Saudi Heart Assoc. 2019 Jul;31(3):135-144. doi: 10.1016/j.jsha.2019.05.001. Epub 2019 May 11. PMID 31198398
• Shenthar J. Unusual Incessant Ventricular Tachycardia: What Is the Underlying Cause and the Possible Mechanism? Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2015 Dec;8(6):1507-11. doi: 10.1161/CIRCEP.115.002886. No abstract available. PMID 26671936
• Anderson RD, Ariyarathna N, Lee G, Virk S, Trivic I, Campbell T, Chow CK, Kalman J, Kumar S. Catheter ablation versus medical therapy for treatment of ventricular tachycardia associated with structural heart disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and comparison with observational studies. Heart Rhythm. 2019 Oct;16(10):1484-1491. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2019.05.02 PMID 31150816
• Hohnloser SH, Kuck KH, Dorian P, Roberts RS, Hampton JR, Hatala R, Fain E, Gent M, Connolly SJ; DINAMIT Investigators. Prophylactic use of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator after acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 2004 Dec 9;351(24):2481-8. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa041489. PMID 15590950
• Aziz Z, Tung R. Novel Mapping Strategies for Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation. Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med. 2018 Mar 23;20(4):34. doi: 10.1007/s11936-018-0615-1. PMID 29572643
• Cuculich PS, Schill MR, Kashani R, Mutic S, Lang A, Cooper D, Faddis M, Gleva M, Noheria A, Smith TW, Hallahan D, Rudy Y, Robinson CG. Noninvasive Cardiac Radiation for Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia. N Engl J Med. 2017 Dec 14;377(24):2325-2336. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1613773. PMID 29236642
• Robinson CG, Samson PP, Moore KMS, Hugo GD, Knutson N, Mutic S, Goddu SM, Lang A, Cooper DH, Faddis M, Noheria A, Smith TW, Woodard PK, Gropler RJ, Hallahan DE, Rudy Y, Cuculich PS. Phase I/II Trial of Electrophysiology-Guided Noninvasive Cardiac Radioablation for Ventricular Tachycardia. Circulation. 2019 Jan 15;139(3):313-321. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.038261. PMID 30586734
• Walfridsson U, Arestedt K, Stromberg A. Development and validation of a new Arrhythmia-Specific questionnaire in Tachycardia and Arrhythmia (ASTA) with focus on symptom burden. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2012 Apr 30;10:44. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-10-44. PMID 22545926

Идентификаторы

NCT: NCT05258422 · 2022-7202

Первоисточники (государственные реестры)

• ClinicalTrials.gov (NIH, США)

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