Blood Pressure Response to Exercise and Aortic Stiffness in Patients With Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome
For patients and families
In plain language
An automatic summary of structured registry data. It is an orientation aid, not a substitute for the official protocol or a physician assessment.
- What is being studied
- This is an observational study: the protocol does not assign a study treatment.
- Who it may be relevant to
- Registry conditions: Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM), Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic Syndrome. Basic parameters: from 18 years · All.
- What needs checking
- Age, condition and sex are only basic indicators. Prior treatment, laboratory values and other mandatory requirements appear in the eligibility criteria below.
- Where it takes place
- Turkey (Türkiye)
- Next step
- Save the trial, show it to the treating physician, and confirm current recruitment with the study center. Costs, documents and travel →
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Official title
The Relationship Between Blood Pressure Response to Exercise Testing and Aortic Stiffness in Patients With Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome
Overview
Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) syndrome is a recently defined clinical syndrome characterized by the coexistence and interaction of cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and metabolic disorders, including obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Individuals with CKM syndrome commonly exhibit vascular dysfunction, endothelial impairment, arterial stiffness, and an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Although exaggerated blood pressure response during exercise has been recognized as an early marker of future hypertension and adverse cardiovascular outcomes, its relationship with aortic stiffness in patients with CKM syndrome has not been adequately investigated. The aim of this observational study is to evaluate the association between blood pressure response during a clinically indicated exercise stress test and aortic stiffness in adults with CKM syndrome. Eighty patients with physician-diagnosed CKM syndrome who are referred for routine exercise stress testing in the cardiology outpatient clinic will be enrolled. Blood pressure will be measured immediately before and after the exercise test. Aortic stiffness will be assessed using transthoracic echocardiography by calculating the aortic stiffness index (β-index) from systolic and diastolic aortic diameters and concurrent blood pressure measurements. Demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, cardiovascular risk factors, medication use, lifestyle characteristics, and clinical data will also be collected. The findings may clarify whether blood pressure response during routine exercise testing can serve as a simple, non-invasive indicator of increased aortic stiffness and improve cardiovascular risk stratification in individuals with CKM syndrome.
Primary outcome measures
- Association Between the Pre-to-Post Exercise Change in Blood Pressure and Aortic Stiffness [Time frame: During a single study visit: immediately before and immediately after the exercise stress test]
Eligibility criteria
Inclusion criteria
- Willing and able to provide written informed consent.
- Aged 18 years or older.
- Diagnosis of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) syndrome.
- Referred by a cardiologist for a clinically indicated exercise stress test as part of routine clinical care.
- Able to perform an exercise stress test.
Exclusion criteria
- Physical disability or any medical condition that precludes performing an exercise stress test.
- Diagnosis of major depressive disorder
Criteria are shown verbatim from the registry (in English). Final eligibility is always assessed by the study center.
Healthy volunteers: No
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
Study locations
Turkey (Türkiye) · 1 center
- Karaman Training and Research Hospital — Karaman
Publications
- Ndumele CE, Rangaswami J, Chow SL, Neeland IJ, Tuttle KR, Khan SS, Coresh J, Mathew RO, Baker-Smith CM, Carnethon MR, Despres JP, Ho JE, Joseph JJ, Kernan WN, Khera A, Kosiborod MN, Lekavich CL, Lewis EF, Lo KB, Ozkan B, Palaniappan LP, Patel SS, Pencina MJ, Powell-Wiley TM, Sperling LS, Virani SS, Wright JT, Rajgopal Singh R, Elkind MSV; American Heart Association. Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic PMID 37807924
Identifiers
NCT: NCT07737561 · KMU-TUNCSUYGUN-004