Preoperative Versus Postoperative Interscalene Block in Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair

Official title

Pre-Procedure Versus Post-Procedure Administration of Interscalene Block in Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: Effects on Early Pain Control and Functional Outcomes

Overview

This study is evaluating whether the timing of an interscalene nerve block affects pain control and recovery after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair surgery. An interscalene block is commonly used to reduce pain after shoulder surgery. However, it is not known whether administering the block before surgery or after surgery provides better outcomes. Participants undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair are assigned to receive the interscalene block either before the surgical incision or after completion of the procedure. The study compares postoperative pain levels, opioid medication use, length of hospital stay, and ultrasound imaging quality during block administration between the two groups. Functional recovery is also assessed using patient-reported outcome measures during follow-up. The investigators hypothesize that administration of the interscalene block before surgery may provide superior early pain control and reduce postoperative opioid requirements while maintaining similar functional outcomes compared with administration after surgery.

Detailed description

Postoperative pain remains a major challenge following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair despite advances in multimodal analgesia protocols. Inadequate pain control may delay rehabilitation, increase opioid consumption, prolong hospitalization, and negatively affect patient satisfaction. Ultrasound-guided interscalene block has become a cornerstone of perioperative pain management for shoulder surgery because of its proven analgesic efficacy and favorable safety profile.

Although interscalene block is routinely used in clinical practice, the optimal timing of administration remains controversial. Administration before surgical incision may provide preemptive analgesic effects by attenuating central sensitization and reducing nociceptive input during surgery. In contrast, administration after completion of surgery has been proposed as a strategy to extend the duration of postoperative analgesia. Existing literature provides limited and inconsistent evidence regarding the comparative clinical benefits of these approaches in patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

This study was designed to evaluate the impact of interscalene block timing within a contemporary shoulder surgery pathway. In addition to its potential influence on perioperative analgesia, the timing of block administration may affect procedural workflow and ultrasound visualization of relevant anatomical structures. Improved understanding of these factors may contribute to optimization of perioperative management strategies and support evidence-based recommendations for regional anesthesia practices in arthroscopic shoulder surgery.

Primary outcome measures

• Early Postoperative Pain Intensity [Time frame: Pre-procedure, postoperative 6th, 12th, 24th hours]

Secondary outcome measures (6)

• Postoperative Opioid Consumption [Time frame: 24 hours after surgery]
• Patient-Controlled Analgesia Usage [Time frame: 24 hours after surgery]
• Duration of hospitalization following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. [Time frame: From surgery until hospital discharge]
• Ultrasound Image Quality During Interscalene Block Administration [Time frame: At the time of interscalene block administration]
• Oxford Shoulder Score [Time frame: Baseline, 3 months, and 6 months after surgery]
• Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) Score [Time frame: Baseline, 3 months, and 6 months after surgery]

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion criteria

• Adults aged 18 years or older.
• Patients undergoing primary arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.
• Presence of a repairable small-, medium-, or large-sized rotator cuff tear confirmed by clinical and imaging evaluation.
• Receipt of an ultrasound-guided interscalene nerve block as part of perioperative pain management.
• Ability to provide informed consent and comply with study follow-up requirements.

Exclusion criteria

• Irreparable rotator cuff tears.
• Partial-thickness rotator cuff tears not requiring repair.
• Revision rotator cuff repair procedures.
• Concomitant shoulder procedures that could substantially influence postoperative pain or functional outcomes (e.g., shoulder arthroplasty, fracture fixation).
• Previous surgery on the affected shoulder.
• Contraindications to interscalene nerve block, including local anesthetic allergy, infection at the injection site, or severe neurologic disease affecting the brachial plexus.
• Chronic opioid use or opioid dependence before surgery.
• Inability to complete study questionnaires or follow the postoperative rehabilitation protocol.
• Missing baseline or follow-up data required for outcome assessment.

Criteria are shown verbatim from the registry (in English). Final eligibility is always assessed by the study center.

Healthy volunteers: No

Study design

Observational model

Cohort

Study locations

Turkey (Türkiye) · 1 center

• Istinye University Bahcesehir Liv Research and Training Hospital — Istanbul

Identifiers

NCT: NCT07689448 · ISB-ARCR-2026

Primary sources (government registries)

• ClinicalTrials.gov (US NIH)

View this study on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗