BioMArkeRs of INflammation, Infection, and Immunity in the Critical Area (MARINA): the Use of Inflammatory and Immunity Biomarkers as Early Predictors of Clinical Severity, Organ Damage, Response to Treatment, and Infectious Complications in Patients Admitted to the Critical Care Area.
For patients and families
In plain language
An automatic summary of structured registry data. It is an orientation aid, not a substitute for the official protocol or a physician assessment.
- What is being studied
- This is an observational study: the protocol does not assign a study treatment.
- Who it may be relevant to
- Registry conditions: Septic Shock, Immunocompromised Patients. Basic parameters: from 18 years · All.
- What needs checking
- Age, condition and sex are only basic indicators. Prior treatment, laboratory values and other mandatory requirements appear in the eligibility criteria below.
- Where it takes place
- Italy
- Next step
- Save the trial, show it to the treating physician, and confirm current recruitment with the study center. Costs, documents and travel →
Unsure about the terms? Read our patient guide →
Official title
The MARINA Study: bioMArkeRs of INflammation, Infection, and Immunity in the Critical Area: the Use of Inflammatory and Immunity Biomarkers as Early Predictors of Clinical Severity, Organ Damage, Response to Treatment, and Infectious Complications in Patients Admitted to the Critical Care Area.
Overview
The MARINA study (bioMARkers of INflammation, infection, and immunity in critical cAre) is a multicenter, prospective and retrospective observational cohort study designed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic role of inflammatory and immune biomarkers in critically ill patients. The study enrolls adult patients (≥18 years) admitted to intensive care or step-down units who present with signs or symptoms of active infection, including sepsis and septic shock. Three main patient populations are targeted: (1) patients with suspected or confirmed infection (community- or hospital-acquired); (2) patients undergoing high-risk major surgery (cardiac, thoracic, or abdominal) under general anesthesia; and (3) immunocompromised patients (solid organ transplant, HSCT, bone marrow transplant, CAR-T cell therapy, or other severe immunosuppression). Serial measurements of established and emerging biomarkers - including procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, MR-proadrenomedullina, copeptin, ferritin, interleukin-6, troponin, D-dimer, lactate, lymphocyte subpopulations, and immunoglobulins - are collected at predefined time points (T1: within 24 hours; T2: within 72 hours; T7: at day 7 of ICU admission) and integrated with clinical data on a dedicated electronic platform. The primary endpoint is 28-day mortality. Secondary endpoints include assessment of organ damage, clinical severity, response to treatment, infectious complications (including VAP and bacteremia), superinfections (bacterial, viral, fungal), ICU and hospital length of stay, and the ability of biomarkers to guide antimicrobial de-escalation. Long-term survival at 90 and 180 days is also assessed. A minimum sample size of 200 patients (prospective phase) is planned across participating centers in Italy and Spain. The study duration is four years from ethical approval.
Primary outcome measures
- 28-day all-cause mortalityTime Frame: 28 days from ICU admission [Time frame: Up to 28 days from ICU admission]
Secondary outcome measures (7)
- clinical severity [Time frame: Up to 28 days from ICU admission]
- Organ damage [Time frame: Up to 28 days from ICU admission]
- Response to treatment [Time frame: Up to 28 days from ICU admission]
- Infectious complications [Time frame: Up to 28 days from ICU admission]
- ICU and hospital length of stay [Time frame: Up to 180 days from ICU admission]
- Long-term survival [Time frame: 90 and 180 days from ICU admission]
- Early risk stratification in severely immunocompromised patients [Time frame: Up to 28 days from ICU admission]
Eligibility criteria
Inclusion criteria
- Age ≥ 18 years
- Written informed consent to participate in the study (or deferred consent, obtained as soon as clinically feasible, in patients unable to provide consent at the time of enrollment)
- Surgical group: patients who have undergone a high-risk elective or emergency surgical procedure under general anesthesia within the previous 24 hours (cardiac surgery, thoracic surgery, abdominal surgery)
- Infection group: suspected or confirmed infection (including sepsis and septic shock), either community- or hospital-acquired
- Immunocompromised group (subset of the infection group): patients with impaired immune status, including solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients, hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients, bone marrow transplant recipients, CAR-T cell therapy recipients, or any other form of severe immunosuppression
Exclusion criteria
- Refusal to provide informed consent
- Age < 18 years
- Pregnancy
- Therapeutic limitations or clinical decision to withdraw or withhold life-sustaining treatment at the time of enrollment
Criteria are shown verbatim from the registry (in English). Final eligibility is always assessed by the study center.
Healthy volunteers: No
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
Study locations
Italy · 1 center
- AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza — Torino
Identifiers
NCT: NCT07682766 · ID 887.433 (00458/2023)