Non-Pharmacological Factors on Spinal Block Duration
For patients and families
In plain language
An automatic summary of structured registry data. It is an orientation aid, not a substitute for the official protocol or a physician assessment.
- What is being studied
- The protocol lists: spinal anaesthesia.
- Who it may be relevant to
- Registry conditions: Paraspinal Muscle Mass and Spinal Anaesthesia. Basic parameters: 18 years — 80 years · All.
- What needs checking
- Age, condition and sex are only basic indicators. Prior treatment, laboratory values and other mandatory requirements appear in the eligibility criteria below.
- Where it takes place
- Turkey (Türkiye)
- Next step
- Save the trial, show it to the treating physician, and confirm current recruitment with the study center. Costs, documents and travel →
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Official title
Analysis of Non-pharmacological Factors on Spinal Anaesthesia Block Duration
Overview
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of non-pharmacological factors-such as age, sex, body mass index, paraspinal muscle mass, vertebral canal anatomy, patient positioning, and injection technique-on the duration of sensory and motor block in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia, and to investigate the potential relationships between these factors and block duration.
Detailed description
It is well known that the level of sensory and motor block following spinal anesthesia varies among individuals. This variability is not only related to the dose of local anesthetic but has also been reported to be associated with patient-related non-pharmacological factors. In particular, a relationship has been demonstrated between body mass index (BMI) and both the level and duration of spinal block, with higher block levels and prolonged block duration observed in patients with increased BMI. This phenomenon is thought to be associated with epidural venous distension due to increased intra-abdominal pressure and a reduction in subarachnoid cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume. A decrease in CSF volume may facilitate greater cephalad spread of intrathecal local anesthetic agents, thereby prolonging block duration.
Paraspinal muscle mass is also an important anatomical parameter that may influence intra-abdominal pressure and epidural space compliance, and thus may play a determining role in the spread of spinal anesthesia. However, although several studies have investigated the relationship between BMI and body composition and spinal block characteristics, the number of clinical studies directly evaluating the association between ultrasonographically measured paraspinal muscle mass and spinal anesthesia block duration remains limited. Therefore, ultrasonographic measurement of paraspinal muscle thickness may serve as a potential predictor of spinal block duration.
Interventions
- Procedure spinal anaesthesia
Patients who will undergo surgery required spinal anaesthesia
Primary outcome measures
- Paraspinal mass measurement with ultrasound. [Time frame: Pre-operative]
Secondary outcome measures (1)
- The spread of the spinal block [Time frame: Perioperative/Periprocedural]
Eligibility criteria
Inclusion criteria
- Patients aged 18-80 years
- ASA physical status I-III
- Patients scheduled for elective lower abdominal surgery.
Exclusion criteria
- Patient refusal to participate
- Coagulopathy
- Use of medications or substances known to impair coagulation
- Pregnancy, sepsis
- Shock
- Severe aortic or mitral regurgitation
- Peripheral vascular disease
- Increased intracranial pressure
- Mental disorders
- Spinal column deformity
- History of previous spinal surgery.
Criteria are shown verbatim from the registry (in English). Final eligibility is always assessed by the study center.
Healthy volunteers: No
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
Study locations
Turkey (Türkiye) · 1 center
- Taksim Training and Research Hospital — Istanbul
Publications
- Kahveci M, Ugur L. The Effect of Injection Parameters on Drug Distribution for Spinal Anesthesia: A Numerical Approach. J Clin Med. 2025 Sep 3;14(17):6236. doi: 10.3390/jcm14176236. PMID 40943995
- Paliwal N, Khan IA. Exploring Variability in Spinal Anesthesia Levels Achieved During Cesarean Section Deliveries: A Narrative Review. Cureus. 2025 Jul 21;17(7):e88429. doi: 10.7759/cureus.88429. eCollection 2025 Jul. PMID 40842780
- Belavy DL, Armbrecht G, Felsenberg D. Real-time ultrasound measures of lumbar erector spinae and multifidus: reliability and comparison to magnetic resonance imaging. Physiol Meas. 2015 Nov;36(11):2285-99. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/36/11/2285. Epub 2015 Oct 9. PMID 26450474
Identifiers
NCT: NCT07638280 · 2026.02.IRB.121