The Effectiveness of Gamified Metaverse-Based Training on Patient Safety for Nursing Students
For patients and families
In plain language
An automatic summary of structured registry data. It is an orientation aid, not a substitute for the official protocol or a physician assessment.
- What is being studied
- The protocol lists: Gamified metaverse-based educational application.
- Who it may be relevant to
- Registry conditions: Gamification, Nursing Education, Patient Safety, Mixed Method Implementation Study. Basic parameters: No limits · All.
- What needs checking
- Age, condition and sex are only basic indicators. Prior treatment, laboratory values and other mandatory requirements appear in the eligibility criteria below.
- Where it takes place
- Turkey (Türkiye)
- Next step
- Save the trial, show it to the treating physician, and confirm current recruitment with the study center. Costs, documents and travel →
Unsure about the terms? Read our patient guide →
Official title
The Effectiveness of Gamified Metaverse-Based Training on Patient Safety for Nursing Students: A Mixed Methods Study
Overview
Introduction: Patient safety issues, such as medication errors, healthcare-associated infections, unsafe surgical procedures, and diagnostic errors, can negatively impact the quality of healthcare and patient outcomes due to preventable risks. There is a need for innovative, interactive educational approaches to ensure the lasting acquisition of patient safety competencies in nursing students and to strengthen their transfer to the clinical environment. Aim: This study aims to evaluate the effect of gamified metaverse-based training on patient safety competencies in nursing students and to assess student opinions regarding metaverse-based training. Method: The research will be conducted using a mixed-methods design. The quantitative phase will be an experimental design including intervention and control groups, pre-test-post-test, and a one-month follow-up (retention test). The research will be conducted between February 2026 and May 2026 with second-year students studying in the Spring semester of 2025-2026 at Başkent University Nursing Department in Ankara. According to G\*Power calculations, a minimum sample size of 52 was found; considering a possible 10% loss, the total sample size was planned as 60 students (intervention=30, control=30). All participants will take the Patient Safety Knowledge Level Test (pre-test) and the Patient Safety Competency Self-Assessment Tool before the training. This will be followed by 2 hours of traditional theoretical training on patient safety; the intervention group will also receive gamified metaverse-based training via Spatial.io for two weeks. Post-tests will be administered after the training and one month later. Data collection tools include the Demographic Information Form, the Patient Safety Knowledge Level Test, the Patient Safety Competency Self-Assessment Tool (PSCS), and focus group interviews to be conducted in the intervention group. Quantitative data will be analyzed through within-group and between-group comparisons; qualitative data will be analyzed using thematic analysis, and the findings will be interpreted holistically. Findings (Expected): Gamified metaverse-based training is expected to provide a greater increase in mean scores on the Patient Safety Knowledge Level Test (PSL) and total and sub-dimension scores (knowledge-skills-attitudes) of nursing students compared to the control group, and to support the retention of these results. Conclusion: This study is expected to generate evidence regarding the effectiveness of gamified metaverse-based training in improving patient safety competencies in nursing education and to contribute to the structuring of patient safety training in a more integrated, student-centered, and sustainable manner.
Interventions
- Behavioral Gamified metaverse-based educational application
Students in the intervention group will receive gamified metaverse-based training.
Primary outcome measures
- The Patient Safety Knowledge Level Test [Time frame: Before the intervention, within 1 hour after the intervention, and one month after the intervention.]
- Patient Safety Competency Self-Evaluation Tool [Time frame: Before the intervention, within 1 hour after the intervention, and one month after the intervention.]
Secondary outcome measures (1)
- Focus Group Interview Questions (interview) [Time frame: within 1 week after the intervention]
Eligibility criteria
Inclusion criteria
- Voluntarily agreeing to participate in the research,
- Being a second-year undergraduate nursing student,
- Being able to understand and speak Turkish,
- Having healthy hearing, vision, and speech.
Exclusion criteria
- The student voluntarily wishing to withdraw from the study
- The student ceasing to use the metaverse space during the study period
- Filling out the survey form incompletely.
Criteria are shown verbatim from the registry (in English). Final eligibility is always assessed by the study center.
Healthy volunteers: Yes
Study design
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Model
- Parallel assignment
- Masking
- Single blind
- Primary purpose
- Other
Study locations
Turkey (Türkiye) · 1 center
- Baskent University — Ankara
Identifiers
NCT: NCT07394907 · 17162298600-374