Gut Microbiota and Serum Metabolites as Predictors of Glycemic Variability and Outcomes in Diabetic Kidney Disease
For patients and families
In plain language
An automatic summary of structured registry data. It is an orientation aid, not a substitute for the official protocol or a physician assessment.
- What is being studied
- This is an observational study: the protocol does not assign a study treatment.
- Who it may be relevant to
- Registry conditions: Diabetic Kidney Disease. Basic parameters: 18 years — 65 years · All.
- What needs checking
- Age, condition and sex are only basic indicators. Prior treatment, laboratory values and other mandatory requirements appear in the eligibility criteria below.
- Where it takes place
- Center list to be confirmed — check the primary protocol.
- Next step
- Save the trial, show it to the treating physician, and confirm current recruitment with the study center. Costs, documents and travel →
Unsure about the terms? Read our patient guide →
Official title
Prospective Cohort Study on the Impact of Gut Microbiota and Serum Metabolites on Glycemic Variability and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Diabetic Kidney Disease
Overview
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the main complications of diabetes and a leading cause of end-stage kidney disease. Blood glucose variability is closely associated with disease progression in individuals with DKD. Recent evidence suggests that gut bacteria and their circulating metabolites may play important roles in regulating blood glucose variability and clinical outcomes. However, it remains unclear whether gut bacteria and blood metabolites influence DKD progression through effects on blood glucose variability. This study aims to (1) characterize gut bacteria and blood metabolites in individuals with DKD at different stages and levels of disease severity, and evaluate their value in predicting adverse outcomes; (2) assess the relationships among gut bacteria, blood metabolites, and blood glucose variability; and (3) determine whether gut bacteria and blood metabolites affect clinical outcomes by modulating blood glucose variability. A total of 270 individuals with DKD will be enrolled in a prospective observational cohort. The investigators will conduct continuous glucose monitoring and collect stool and blood samples for advanced analyses of gut microbiota and blood metabolites. The objective is to clarify how gut bacteria and circulating metabolites relate to blood glucose variability and disease prognosis, and to develop tools to identify high-risk individuals at an early stage. Ultimately, the findings may provide new insights and strategies to improve clinical care and quality of life for individuals with DKD.
Detailed description
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes and a leading cause of end-stage kidney disease. Blood glucose variability (GV) has been shown to be closely associated with disease progression in individuals with DKD. Recent studies suggest that gut microbiota and their serum metabolites may play important roles in regulating GV and influencing clinical outcomes. However, it remains unclear whether gut microbiota and serum metabolites affect DKD progression through GV.
This prospective observational cohort study aims to address three key questions:
1. Characterize gut microbiota and serum metabolites in individuals with DKD at different disease stages and severities, and evaluate their prognostic value for adverse outcomes. 2. Examine the relationships among gut microbiota, serum metabolites, and blood glucose variability. 3. Determine whether gut microbiota and serum metabolites influence clinical outcomes by affecting blood glucose variability. 4. A total of 270 individuals with DKD will be enrolled. The investigators will conduct continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), collect blood and stool samples, and analyze these samples using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and untargeted serum LC-MS. These data will be used to assess GV, characterize gut microbiota and serum metabolites, and develop predictive models for adverse outcomes in DKD. The study aims to clarify the impact of gut microbiota and blood glucose variability on DKD prognosis and to develop tools for early identification of high-risk individuals, ultimately improving disease management and clinical outcomes.
Primary outcome measures
- Number of Participants with Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) Progression [Time frame: Time Frame: 12 months (from baseline to endpoint assessment) This time frame reflects the follow-up period during which DKD progression will be monitored in the study cohort.]
Secondary outcome measures (4)
- Number of Participants with Cardiovascular Mortality [Time frame: Time Frame: 12 months Adverse events will be monitored over a period of 12 months from baseline to track occurrences and assess their relationship with GV and other biomarkers.]
- Number of Participants with Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE) [Time frame: 12 months (from baseline)]
- Number of Participants Undergoing Kidney Transplantation [Time frame: 12 months (from baseline)]
- Number of Participants with Hypoglycemic Events [Time frame: 12 months (from baseline)]
Eligibility criteria
Inclusion criteria
- Age 18-65 years
- Diagnosis of Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD)
- Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
- Stable Antidiabetic Regimen:The antidiabetic regimen must have been stable for at least 3 months prior to study enrollment.
- Willingness to Provide Informed Consent:
Participants must voluntarily sign an informed consent form to participate in the study. -
Exclusion criteria
- Acute Diabetic Complications:
Participants with acute diabetic complications, such as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), or with primary kidney diseases like primary glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, or lupus nephritis.
- Infection or Stress Conditions:
Participants in a state of infection, trauma, or other stress conditions.
- Pregnancy or Lactation:
Women who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant in the next month.
- Severe Dermatologic Conditions:
Participants with severe dermatologic conditions, such as extensive eczema, widespread scars, tattoos, herpetic dermatitis, severe edema, or psoriasis.
- Skin Issues with Sensor Application:
Participants with severe skin issues at the site of sensor application, such as burns, injuries, sunburns, ulcers, or scars from prior surgery.
- Coagulation or Blood Disorders:
Participants with abnormal coagulation, anemia, or abnormal hematocrit.
- Chronic Gastrointestinal Diseases or Surgery History:
Participants with chronic gastrointestinal diseases or a history of gastrointestinal or biliary surgery.
- Recent Probiotic or Antibiotic Use:
Participants who have used probiotics or prebiotics, or received antibiotic treatment for more than 3 days in the past 3 months, or have consumed yogurt or yogurt-containing foods/beverages in the past week.
Criteria are shown verbatim from the registry (in English). Final eligibility is always assessed by the study center.
Healthy volunteers: No
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
Study locations
Center list to be confirmed — check the primary protocol.
Identifiers
NCT: NCT07352436 · PY-2025-04