Pediatric Airway: Noninferiority Trial of Devices for Intubation Assessment

Official title

Comparison of the Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of McGRATH™ MAC and Besdata Videolaryngoscopes in the Orotracheal Intubation of Children: A Non-Inferiority Randomized Clinical Trial

Overview

The goal of this clinical trial is to find out whether the BESDATA BD-DF videolaryngoscope works as well as the McGRATH™ MAC videolaryngoscope for placing a breathing tube in infants during surgery. The study will also compare the costs associated with using each device. The main questions this study aims to answer are: Is the BESDATA BD-DF videolaryngoscope as effective as the McGRATH™ MAC videolaryngoscope for successful placement of a breathing tube on the first attempt in infants? Are there differences between the two devices in terms of procedure time, number of attempts, airway-related complications, and overall costs? Researchers will compare infants who are intubated using the BESDATA BD-DF videolaryngoscope with infants who are intubated using the McGRATH™ MAC videolaryngoscope to see whether the two devices perform similarly and whether one is more cost-effective than the other. Participants will: Be randomly assigned to have a breathing tube placed using one of the two videolaryngoscopes; Receive standard general anesthesia for an elective surgical procedure; Have information collected during and after the procedure to assess safety, effectiveness, and costs.

Detailed description

Airway management in infants and young children is technically challenging and carries a higher risk of complications than in older pediatric or adult patients. Achieving successful orotracheal intubation on the first attempt is particularly important in this population due to limited oxygen reserves and increased vulnerability to hypoxia, airway trauma, and hemodynamic instability. Videolaryngoscopy has been introduced as an alternative to conventional direct laryngoscopy with the potential to improve glottic visualization and intubation success. However, evidence comparing different videolaryngoscopy devices in infants remains limited, and there is currently no consensus regarding the optimal device for this age group.

Although several videolaryngoscopes are available on the market, most comparative studies have focused on adult populations. In pediatrics, and especially in infants under one year of age, published data are scarce. The McGRATH™ MAC videolaryngoscope has been more extensively studied and is widely used in clinical practice. In contrast, the BESDATA BD-DF videolaryngoscope is a newer device with very limited clinical evidence, and no head-to-head trials have compared it with other videolaryngoscopes in children. Furthermore, despite the increasing adoption of videolaryngoscopy, the economic impact of using different devices has not been adequately investigated in pediatric settings.

This study is designed to address these gaps by comparing the clinical performance and cost-effectiveness of the BESDATA BD-DF and McGRATH™ MAC videolaryngoscopes in infants undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia. The trial will evaluate whether the BESDATA device is non-inferior to the McGRATH device in terms of intubation effectiveness while also assessing relevant economic outcomes associated with each technology.

The study will be conducted as a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial at a tertiary pediatric center. Participants will be randomly allocated to undergo tracheal intubation with one of the two videolaryngoscopes. All procedures will be performed by trained anesthesiologists experienced with both devices, and data will be collected using a standardized protocol in a secure electronic database.

In addition to comparing clinical performance, the study will include an economic evaluation that considers the costs of device acquisition, required consumables, and expenses related to potential postoperative complications associated with airway management. This integrated approach aims to provide clinically meaningful and economically relevant information to support evidence-based decision-making in pediatric anesthesia.

By directly comparing two videolaryngoscopy systems in a randomized design, this trial seeks to generate high-quality evidence regarding the most effective and sustainable option for airway management in infants. The results are expected to inform clinical practice, guide resource allocation, and contribute to safer perioperative care for pediatric patients.

Interventions

• Device Intubation
  Intubation of pediatric patients under one year of age undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia requiring orotracheal intubation, with one or another videolaryngoscope device.

Primary outcome measures

• First-attempt intubation success [Time frame: From randomization until up to 15 minutes]

Secondary outcome measures (1)

• Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of videolaryngoscopes [Time frame: From the day of surgery until hospital discharge (up to 30 days postoperatively)]

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion criteria

• The study will include children aged between 6 months and 3 years who are scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia at the Children's Institute (Instituto da Criança - ICr) of the Hospital das Clínicas Complex, University of São Paulo Medical School (HC-FMUSP), provided that informed consent is obtained from their parents or legal guardians.

Exclusion criteria

• Patients under one year of age will be excluded if informed consent is not obtained from their legal guardians, if they are classified as ASA physical status IV or higher, present with hemodynamic instability, or have craniofacial abnormalities or oral deformities suggestive of a potentially difficult airway.

Criteria are shown verbatim from the registry (in English). Final eligibility is always assessed by the study center.

Healthy volunteers: Yes

Study design

Allocation

Randomized

Model

Parallel assignment

Masking

Single blind

Primary purpose

Health services research

Study locations

Brazil · 1 center

• Instituto da Criança e do Adolescente, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicin — São Paulo

Publications

• Gupta A, Sharma R, Gupta N. Evolution of videolaryngoscopy in pediatric population. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2021 Jan-Mar;37(1):14-27. doi: 10.4103/joacp.JOACP_7_19. Epub 2021 Apr 10. PMID 34103817
• Fiadjoe JE, Nishisaki A, Jagannathan N, Hunyady AI, Greenberg RS, Reynolds PI, Matuszczak ME, Rehman MA, Polaner DM, Szmuk P, Nadkarni VM, McGowan FX Jr, Litman RS, Kovatsis PG. Airway management complications in children with difficult tracheal intubation from the Pediatric Difficult Intubation (PeDI) registry: a prospective cohort analysis. Lancet Respir Med. 2016 Jan;4(1):37-48. doi: 10.1016/S2 PMID 26705976
• Hu X, Jin Y, Li J, Xin J, Yang Z. Efficacy and safety of videolaryngoscopy versus direct laryngoscopy in paediatric intubation: A meta-analysis of 27 randomized controlled trials. J Clin Anesth. 2020 Nov;66:109968. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2020.109968. Epub 2020 Jul 6. PMID 32645564
• Abbas A, Samad L. Children at the heart of global surgery: children's surgery in low- and middle-income countries. J Public Health Emerg 2020;4:34.10.21037/jphe-2020-gs-08
• Rabbitts JA, Groenewald CB. Epidemiology of Pediatric Surgery in the United States. Paediatr Anaesth. 2020 Oct;30(10):1083-1090. doi: 10.1111/pan.13993. Epub 2020 Aug 29. PMID 32777147

Identifiers

NCT: NCT07351227 · PANDA

Primary sources (government registries)

• ClinicalTrials.gov (US NIH)

View this study on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗