The Impact of Virtual Doula Services on Birth Outcomes in Rural Communities
For patients and families
In plain language
An automatic summary of structured registry data. It is an orientation aid, not a substitute for the official protocol or a physician assessment.
- What is being studied
- The protocol lists: Virtual doula support, Ebook.
- Who it may be relevant to
- Registry conditions: Birth, Telehealth, Pregnancy, Maternal Health. Basic parameters: 18 years — 45 years · Female.
- What needs checking
- Age, condition and sex are only basic indicators. Prior treatment, laboratory values and other mandatory requirements appear in the eligibility criteria below.
- Where it takes place
- United States
- Next step
- Save the trial, show it to the treating physician, and confirm current recruitment with the study center. Costs, documents and travel →
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Overview
This study will assess the impact of virtual doula care on birth and postnatal outcomes among rural mothers. The goal of virtual doula services is to improve access to care in underserved communities and decrease urban-rural differences in key maternal health outcomes including mode of birth (cesarean vs vaginal) and birth satisfaction. By implementing a digital randomized controlled trial, the study team will efficiently recruit a national sample of rural pregnant women to provide evidence of the effectiveness of virtual doula care, the appropriateness of virtual visits for different care and support needs, and the role of virtual care in improving maternal health.
Detailed description
Rates of maternal morbidity have been rising in the U.S., and there are stark rural-urban differences in cesarean births and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Increasing access to doula care is a promising strategy to improve maternal health. Doulas are non-clinical providers who offer physical, emotional, and informational support throughout the perinatal period. Yet, despite documented evidence of effectiveness, fewer than 10% of U.S. births involve doulas because of costs and workforce shortages. Virtual doula services may increase access to support in communities that lack doulas and decrease costs; however, there is minimal evidence of the effectiveness of this new care model. Lack of research in general, and randomized controlled trials in particular, represents a significant gap given that virtual doula services are currently offered by numerous organizations, and the states and payers adding doula benefits do not have evidence to inform their telehealth policies.
The study team will conduct an innovative digital, parallel design randomized controlled trial (RCT) to assess the impact of virtual doula services in rural communities. Primiparous, pregnant women who live in rural zip codes in the U.S. will be recruited. Recruitment will occur via online research panels. Participants will be randomized to scheduled visits with virtual doulas throughout the perinatal period or to usual care. Birth and postnatal outcomes will be captured via surveys and interviews. This study uses mixed methods and aims to assess the impact of virtual doula services on primary outcomes including type of birth (cesarean vs vaginal), birth satisfaction, and parental self-efficacy and secondary outcomes including maternal depression, breastfeeding initiation and duration, and receipt of prenatal and postnatal care. This study will also explore the acceptability of virtual care for different types of doula visits. Together, these aims will inform policy debates about regulation and reimbursement of doula services that incorporate virtual care.
Interventions
- Other Virtual doula support
Participants randomized to the intervention arm will receive access to up to 4 scheduled doula visits through Pacify's mobile phone app. All visits will be virtual. Participants may also access the library of resources on the app and text with their doula on demand. - Other Ebook
Participants will receive an ebook on parenting.
Primary outcome measures
- Birth type [Time frame: Assessed at 3 weeks postpartum]
- Birth Satisfaction [Time frame: Assessed at 3 weeks postpartum]
- Parental Self-Efficacy [Time frame: Assessed at 12 weeks postpartum]
Secondary outcome measures (5)
- Maternal Depression [Time frame: Assessed at 3 weeks postpartum]
- Breastfeeding duration [Time frame: Assessed at 12 weeks postpartum]
- Receipt of postnatal care [Time frame: Assessed at 12 weeks postpartum]
- Birth Truma [Time frame: Assessed at 3 weeks postpartum]
- Breastfeeding Initiation [Time frame: Assessed at 12 weeks postpartum]
Eligibility criteria
Inclusion criteria
- 18-45 years of age
- pregnant (second or early third trimester) with their first child
- reside in a rural zip codes in the U.S.
Exclusion criteria
- non-singleton pregnancy
- police custody or incarceration
- infant to be separated from mother (e.g., placed for adoption, protective custody)
- working with a doula prior to enrollment.
Criteria are shown verbatim from the registry (in English). Final eligibility is always assessed by the study center.
Healthy volunteers: No
Study design
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Model
- Parallel assignment
- Masking
- Triple blind
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
Study locations
United States · 1 center
- RAND — Arlington
Identifiers
NCT: NCT07293741 · 2R01NR018837-06 · 2R01NR018837-06