Traditional Exercise RCT in Visually Impaired Adults

Official title

Randomized Controlled Trial on the Effects of Traditional Exercise Programs on the Physical and Mental Health of Visually Impaired Individuals

Overview

This study aims to investigate the benefits and underlying mechanisms of traditional exercise interventions on the physical and mental health of individuals with visual impairments. A randomized controlled trial design will be employed, enrolling 90 visually impaired participants who will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: a Tai Chi intervention group, a Baduanjin intervention group, or a control group. The Tai Chi group will undergo a 12-week simplified 21-form Tai Chi training program, while the Baduanjin group will receive standardized Baduanjin training. The control group will participate in regular school physical education classes. Eligible participants are university students with visual impairments, defined as having visual acuity ≤ 0.05 or a visual field radius ≤ 10 degrees.

Interventions

• Behavioral Taichi
  Participants in the Tai Chi group will receive a 12-week simplified 21-form Tai Chi training program. The intervention will consist of supervised sessions conducted three times per week, each lasting approximately 60 minutes. Sessions will include a standardized warm-up, instruction and practice of the 21-form Tai Chi routine, and a brief cool-down period. All training will be delivered by certified Tai Chi instructors experienced in working with individuals with visual impairments. Attendance a
• Behavioral Baduanjin
  Participants in the Baduanjin group will undergo a 12-week standardized Baduanjin training program. The intervention will be delivered three times per week, with each supervised session lasting approximately 60 minutes. Training sessions will include a structured warm-up, guided practice of the standardized Baduanjin routine, and a brief cool-down period. All sessions will be led by qualified instructors with experience working with visually impaired individuals. Participant attendance and adher

Primary outcome measures

• Single-Leg Stance Test [Time frame: Month 3]
• Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) Test [Time frame: Month 3]
• Berg Balance Scale (BBS) [Time frame: Month 3]
• Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) [Time frame: Month 3]
• Handgrip Strength Test [Time frame: Month 3]
• Flexibility Test [Time frame: Month 3]
• Self-Rated Depression Scale (SDS) [Time frame: Month 3]
• Self-Rated Anxiety Scale (SAS) [Time frame: Month 3]
• General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) [Time frame: Month 3]
• WHO Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) [Time frame: Month 3]

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion criteria

• University students with visual impairment, defined as visual acuity ≤ 0.05 or a visual field radius ≤ 10 degrees.
• Able to ambulate independently without assistance.
• No severe cardiovascular diseases.

Exclusion criteria

• Presence of severe physical illnesses or comorbid conditions that may affect participation.
• History of psychiatric disorders.
• Participation in other structured exercise training programs within the past three months.

Criteria are shown verbatim from the registry (in English). Final eligibility is always assessed by the study center.

Healthy volunteers: No

Study design

Allocation

Randomized

Model

Parallel assignment

Masking

Triple blind

Primary purpose

Treatment

Study locations

China · 1 center

• Faculty of Sports Science — Changchun

Identifiers

NCT: NCT07265024 · CCEE2026

Primary sources (government registries)

• ClinicalTrials.gov (US NIH)

View this study on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗