Factor Associated With Mortality in the ICU
For patients and families
In plain language
An automatic summary of structured registry data. It is an orientation aid, not a substitute for the official protocol or a physician assessment.
- What is being studied
- The protocol lists: Exposure factors.
- Who it may be relevant to
- Registry conditions: Critically Ill, Intensive Care (ICU), Intensive Care Medicine, Mortality. Basic parameters: 18 years — 100 years · All.
- What needs checking
- Age, condition and sex are only basic indicators. Prior treatment, laboratory values and other mandatory requirements appear in the eligibility criteria below.
- Where it takes place
- Colombia
- Next step
- Save the trial, show it to the treating physician, and confirm current recruitment with the study center. Costs, documents and travel →
Unsure about the terms? Read our patient guide →
Official title
Factors Associated With Mortality in the Intensive Care Unit From the Orinoco Region. An Observational Trial
Overview
ICU mortality indicates the severity of disease, healthcare quality, and the efficacy of interventions. The severity scores are tools to predict the risk of mortality in the ICU, and the APACHE II score is frequently used for this purpose. However, studies validating the score in Colombia are limited. There is uncertainty about the precision and discrimination capacity of the APACHE II score in a population that varies from the original, with varying diseases, and in a different timeline. The investigators determined to evaluate: 1. Evaluate the rate of mortality in the ICU by type of disease and type of admission. 2. The factors associated with mortality. 3. Validate the performance of the APACHE II score as a predictor of mortality.
Detailed description
Introduction Mortality serves as an indicator of healthcare quality in the intensive care unit. The APACHE II score is a practical tool for predicting mortality, though its application varies. Studies validating the APACHE II score in Colombia are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score as a predictor of mortality in the intensive care unit of a hospital in Villavicencio, Colombia.
Methodology Design: In this single-center, retrospective cohort, consecutive cases were observed from admission to discharge from the ICU. The demographic characteristics, diagnosis type, admission origin, and APACHE II score were systematically calculated on a database, and the cases were divided into two populations for comparison based on the outcome.
Setting: The study was performed in the ICU of Hospital Departamental de Villavicencio, a reference institution for the Orinoco region. It has 350 beds, four adult polyvalent critical care units with 40 beds, and the only oncology unit in the zone.
Patients: Critically ill patients admitted from January 2022 to June 2025 were included.
Sample: The study included all patients in the discharge database and used no sampling method.
Inclusions: All adult patients older than 18 years admitted during the study period were included.
Exclusions: The analysis excluded patients admitted as intermediate care (low therapeutic intervention with a TISS \[Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System\]-28 score below 20 points).
Data collection: The information of all patients admitted to the ICU was systematically collected from the clinical chart on discharge and uploaded to an electronic database in a standardized online format. The severity score was calculated within the first 24 hours of admission. Demographic characteristics, insurance, diagnosis information, APACHE II score, TISS-28 score, mechanical ventilation duration, and outcome were recorded. The outcomes evaluated were mortality (early or late), ICU length of stay, and mechanical ventilation duration.
Analysis plan: The investigators used Jamovi 2.6.44 program for the analysis, and Prism 10.6.1 or Wizard 1.9.49 for the graphics. Categorical variables are presented as frequencies and proportions; continuous variables are presented as their central tendency and dispersion, after verifying normality. The Chi-square test was selected to compare categorical variables, and the t-test or the Mann-Whitney test to compare quantitative variables. A value of p \< 0.01 was chosen as statistical significance. A logistic regression analysis was performed to confirm the effect of APACHE II score on the outcome. Observed mortality rate (early or late \[more than 48 hours) was compared with the expected rate (standardized or SMR). The discrimination of the score was determined by the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC), with a closer value to 1 for diagnosis and type of admission.
Ethical aspects: The hospital research committee previously approved the database analysis and waived informed consent, as the study was classified as low-risk research in accordance with national regulations. The project was registered on the platform ClinicalTrials.gov in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration, including observational trials.
Interventions
- Other Exposure factors
Evaluation of factors associated with mortality
Primary outcome measures
- Mortality [Time frame: Within 28 days]
Eligibility criteria
Inclusion criteria
- All adult patients older than 18 admitted to the intensive care unit during the study period.
Exclusion criteria
- Patients admitted for intermediate care (low therapeutic intervention with a TISS \[Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System\] - 28 score below 20 points). Patients derived to other institutions.
Criteria are shown verbatim from the registry (in English). Final eligibility is always assessed by the study center.
Healthy volunteers: No
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
Study locations
Colombia · 1 center
- Hospital Departamental de Villavicencio — Villavicencio
Publications
- Sudarsanan S, Sivadasan P, Chandra P, Omar AS, Gaviola Atuel KL, Ulla Lone H, Ragab HO, Ehsan I, Carr CS, Pattath AR, Alkhulaifi AM, Shouman Y, Almulla A. Comparison of Four Intensive Care Scores in Predicting Outcomes After Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Single-center Retrospective Study. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2025 Jan;39(1):131-142. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2024.10.027. Epu PMID 39550342
- Li X, Yi Q, Luo Y, Wei H, Ge H, Liu H, Zhang J, Li X, Xie X, Pan P, Zhou H, Liu L, Zhou C, Zhang J, Peng L, Pu J, Yuan J, Chen X, Tang Y, Zhou H. Prediction Model of In-Hospital Death for Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit: The PD-ICU Score. Respiration. 2025;104(2):85-99. doi: 10.1159/000541367. Epub 2024 Sep 11. PMID 39260355
- Knaus WA, Zimmerman JE, Wagner DP, Draper EA, Lawrence DE. APACHE-acute physiology and chronic health evaluation: a physiologically based classification system. Crit Care Med. 1981 Aug;9(8):591-7. doi: 10.1097/00003246-198108000-00008. PMID 7261642
- Chlabicz M, Laguna W, Kazimierczyk R, Kazimierczyk E, Lopatowska P, Gil M, Sobkowicz B, Kaminski KA, Tycinska A. Value of APACHE II, SOFA and CardShock scoring as predictive tools for cardiogenic shock: A single-centre pilot study. ESC Heart Fail. 2024 Dec;11(6):3584-3597. doi: 10.1002/ehf2.15020. Epub 2024 Aug 13. PMID 39136422
- Liengswangwong W, Siriwannabhorn R, Leela-Amornsin S, Yuksen C, Sanguanwit P, Duangsri C, Kusonkhum N, Saelim P. Comparison of Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS), Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPS II), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) for early prediction of septic shock in diabetic patients in Emergency Departm PMID 39232644
- Tekin B, Kilic J, Taskin G, Solmaz I, Tezel O, Basgoz BB. The Comparison of scoring systems: SOFA, APACHE-II, LODS, MODS, and SAPS-II in critically ill elderly sepsis patients. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2024 Jan 31;18(1):122-130. doi: 10.3855/jidc.18526. PMID 38377099
Identifiers
NCT: NCT07249749 · GRIVI_2025_02_UCI_MORTAL