Motor Imagery in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

The study will begin after receiving approval from the KSBU Non-Interventional Ethics Committee for its compliance. Before data collection begins, each participant who agrees to the study will be informed about the study, and will be asked to sign a voluntary consent form. After obtaining demographic and disease-specific information, participants will be divided into two groups: COPD and non-COPD individuals, and their cognitive skills, dominant hand preference, and motor imagery abilities will be assessed. The cognitive functions of all participants will be assessed using the Standardized Mini Mental State Examination. Participants will be included in the study if they score ≥24. The dominant hand preference of the participants will be determined using the Edinburgh Hand Preference Questionnaire and recorded on the assessment form. In the tests and surveys to be conducted, the dominant hand will be determined based on the results of this questionnaire, and the results of tests performed with the dominant side will be recorded. The GOLD ABE Assessment Tool will be used to assess COPD patients. As part of the GOLD ABE Assessment Tool, patients' pulmonary function test results, COPD Assessment Test (CAT) results, Modified Health Research Council Dyspnoea Scale (mMRC) results, exacerbation history, and hospitalization history will be recorded. Oxygen saturation values of COPD patients will be recorded. Routine measurement results for oxygen saturation and pulmonary function test values of individuals with COPD will be recorded. Participants' motor imagery skills will be assessed using the Kinesthetic and Visual Motor Imagery Questionnaire-20 (KVIQ-20). The Nine-Hole Peg Test will be used to assess the temporal correspondence between participants' actual and imagined movement (mental chronometry). Temporal correspondence between actual and imagined movement will be calculated using the formula. Participants' mental rotation abilities will be assessed using the hand laterality test (hand identification test), one of the mental rotation subcomponents, using the Recognise Hand mobile application. Data obtained from individuals with COPD and individuals without COPD will be recorded. Based on the data obtained, the motor imagery abilities of the two groups will be compared using appropriate statistical methods. The correlation between the disease-specific knowledge of individuals in the COPD group and their motor imagery abilities will be calculated.

• Mental Chronometry Test [Time frame: Baseline (First assessment)]
• Mental Rotation Test [Time frame: Baseline (First assessment)]