Evaluation of an Expectancy Challenge Intervention for Food and Alcohol Disturbance Among College Students
For patients and families
In plain language
An automatic summary of structured registry data. It is an orientation aid, not a substitute for the official protocol or a physician assessment.
- What is being studied
- The protocol lists: Food and alcohol disturbance expectancy challenge.
- Who it may be relevant to
- Registry conditions: College Drinking, Disordered Eating. Basic parameters: 18 years — 25 years · All.
- What needs checking
- Age, condition and sex are only basic indicators. Prior treatment, laboratory values and other mandatory requirements appear in the eligibility criteria below.
- Where it takes place
- United States
- Next step
- Save the trial, show it to the treating physician, and confirm current recruitment with the study center. Costs, documents and travel →
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Official title
Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Efficacy of an Expectancy Challenge Intervention for Food and Alcohol Disturbance Among College Students
Overview
This study aims to create and test an intervention that helps college students re-evaluate their beliefs about food and alcohol disturbance (FAD) and, in turn, reduce how often they engage in it or intend to in the future. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Does the intervention help students have less positive beliefs about the effects of FAD and more negative beliefs about its effects? 2. If college students' beliefs about FAD change, does that lead them to engage in it less often or plan to do it less? 3. Will college students who engage in FAD sign up for the study, complete it, and feel that the intervention is helpful and valuable? Participants will take part in one 2-hour in-person laboratory-based study session where they will fill out surveys, learn about FAD, and engage in exercises designed to challenge their existing beliefs about it. They will also complete a follow-up survey online one month after their in-person study visit.
Detailed description
Food and alcohol disturbance (FAD) is the use of any compensatory behavior (e.g., caloric restriction) within the context of a drinking episode for the purpose of 1) compensating for alcohol-related calories and/or 2) enhancing the effects of alcohol. FAD occurs at alarmingly high rates among undergraduates and is associated with a myriad of deleterious consequences. Expectancy effects (i.e., beliefs regarding the anticipated outcomes of a behavior) have been shown to influence the initiation and maintenance of alcohol and disordered eating behaviors. Prior work suggests that expectancies for these behaviors can be modified via expectancy challenges (i.e., ECs; interventions that aim to undermine expectancies by providing learning opportunities that demonstrate the discrepancy between the actual versus perceived effects of a behavior). An EC has never been applied to FAD. However, given that FAD is comprised of both alcohol and disordered eating behaviors, and preliminary work suggests that FAD expectancies share some similarities with alcohol and restriction expectancies, it is likely that an EC could be similarly applied to FAD. Thus, the purpose of the proposed project is to develop an effective and acceptable EC designed to modify FAD expectancies and reduce FAD among undergraduates, informed by the alcohol EC literature.
Participants will be randomized to a 120-minute in-person non-experiential (i.e., no alcohol administration) EC designed to undermine FAD expectancies (experimental group) or a control group. To make existing expectancies salient, the EC will include audio recordings of reported FAD expectancies from students who engaged in FAD in my preliminary qualitative work (Berry \& Looby, 2024). Participants will then engage in discussions to evaluate whether these effects are pharmacological or perceived. The intervention will also provide psychoeducation on expectancies, FAD, alcohol, and the effects of compensatory behaviors on weight, which will prompt participants to reevaluate their extant expectancies. This will be followed by a reflective writing exercise to allow participants to further elaborate on any changes to their challenged expectancies. FAD expectancies will be assessed at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and one-month follow-up. FAD frequency will be assessed at baseline and follow-up. Additionally, participants in the experimental group will provide feedback on the intervention's acceptability and feasibility post-intervention.
Interventions
- Behavioral Food and alcohol disturbance expectancy challenge
The intervention will focus on strengthening negative FAD expectancies and weakening positive FAD expectancies.
Primary outcome measures
- Food and Alcohol Disturbance Expectancy Questionnaire [Time frame: This measure will be administered to all participants at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and at the study's one-month follow-up]
- Food and Alcohol Disturbance Intentions Questions [Time frame: This measure will be administered to all participants at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and at the study's one-month follow-up]
- College Eating and Drinking Behaviors Scale [Time frame: This measure will be administered at baseline and at the one-month follow-up]
- Food and Alcohol Disturbance Timeline Followback [Time frame: This measure will be administered at baseline and at the one-month follow-up]
Secondary outcome measures (1)
- Brief Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire [Time frame: This measure will be administered at baseline and at the one-month follow-up]
Eligibility criteria
Inclusion criteria
- Must be between the ages of 18 and 25
- Must report engaging in FAD at least two times over the past month
Exclusion criteria
- They have a current or past history of receiving psychological treatment for their alcohol use and/or eating behaviors
- They are currently trying to reduce their drinking
Criteria are shown verbatim from the registry (in English). Final eligibility is always assessed by the study center.
Healthy volunteers: No
Study design
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Model
- Parallel assignment
- Masking
- Single blind
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
Study locations
United States · 1 center
- University of Wyoming — Laramie
Publications
- Berry KA, Looby A. "If You Don't Eat, You Can Get Drunk Faster": A Qualitative Investigation of Food and Alcohol Disturbance (FAD) Expectancies. Subst Use Misuse. 2024;59(11):1647-1655. doi: 10.1080/10826084.2024.2369161. Epub 2024 Jun 25. PMID 38918931
- Berry KA, Choquette EM, Looby A, Rancourt D. Unification of the food and alcohol disturbance literature: A systematic review. Clin Psychol Rev. 2024 Nov;113:102486. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102486. Epub 2024 Aug 14. PMID 39168054
- Shepherd CB, Berry KA, Ye X, Li K. Food and alcohol disturbance among US college students: a mixed methods scoping review. J Am Coll Health. 2023 Aug-Sep;71(6):1715-1731. doi: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1947300. Epub 2021 Jul 22. PMID 34292851
Identifiers
NCT: NCT06810414 · IRB-2024-467