Endomicroscopic Evaluation of Food-induced Gastrointestinal Mucosal Alteration

Official title

A Multicenter Ambispective Evaluation of Atypical Food Allergies In-vivo Utilizing Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy in Pediatric and Adult Patients

Overview

The overarching goal of this study is to establish a first ever registry in the U.S. to collect outcomes data to evaluate changes in the gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa following direct food application utilizing Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy (CLE). This will be assessed in pediatric and adult patients who present to the outpatient clinic with persistent irritable bowel syndrome-like symptoms while testing negative for celiac disease and have either negative or very low/low levels of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) serological tests.

Detailed description

The prevalence of food allergies in children and adults are estimated to be 5-7% and 11% in the US respectively. The mechanism underlying food allergies are either IgE mediated, non-IgE mediated or both.

CLE is a diagnostic modality that allows for high-resolution imaging of the GI tract, providing real-time in-vivo visualization of the mucosal and submucosal microstructure similar to histology. What differentiates it from conventional histology wherein tissue is sectioned vertically, is that the endomicroscopic images are a single optical plane parallel to the tissue surface, yielding multiple optical sections of successive depths of greater precision.

Recent studies demonstrated the utility of CLE in the evaluation of gastroenterological diseases, specifically for inflammatory bowel disease. Although histological evaluation continues to remain the gold standard, CLE has potential applications in surveillance, targeted biopsies and disease management of GI conditions such as celiac disease, eosinophilic disease and more recently in patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) with atypical food allergies that are non-IgE mediated.

A common observation in patients with IBS using CLE include increased epithelial gaps when compared to healthy controls. It is proposed that there is an alteration in the epithelial barrier which in healthy state, prevents the microbes and antigens from entering the body. Increased epithelial cell extrusions result in altered intestinal permeability, which is commonly seen in IBS. The utility of CLE in visualizing the integrity of the intestinal barrier in children with atypical presentation of food allergies is unknown. The ability to observe these dynamic changes in real-time is promising in the management of IBS.

Endomicroscopic diagnosis of food-induced allergy-like reactions was first used as a guideline in the implementation of the food intolerance testing performed as part of this protocol.

Interventions

• Device Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy
  1. The Endo microscope probe will be prepped in channel #1 and normal saline (30 ml) will be flushed into the duodenal mucosa through channel # 2 which will serve as a control. Inject 1-3ml fluorescein 10% intravenously. 2. The duodenal mucosa is assessed at a minimum of four sites (20 seconds each 3. The first potential allergen will be sprayed via catheter onto the mucosa. 4. After 2 minutes, three different areas of of duodenum will be assessed with the gastroflex probe for fluorescein leakag

Primary outcome measures

• Number of subjects with IBS symptoms with evidence of epithelial barrier dysfunction [Time frame: Day 1]

Secondary outcome measures (1)

• Health-Related Quality of Life as Assessed by Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) Gastrointestinal Symptoms Scale Questionnaire [Time frame: Baseline, 1 month, 6 months, 12 months]

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion criteria

Patients must meet all of the following criteria to be included in the study

• Adults and children presenting with a prolonged history of IBS-like symptoms (as described by Rome IV criteria) related to food intake.
• A negative or very low/low levels of Ig-E food allergy panel or negative skin prick test
• Negative celiac disease work up

Exclusion criteria

• If patient had a previous Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and Colonoscopy with biopsy positive for any chronic inflammatory condition for eg. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), the patient will be excluded.
• Pregnant or nursing at the time of CLE.
• Known allergy to fluorescein.
• Impaired renal function tests.
• Active GI bleeding.

Criteria are shown verbatim from the registry (in English). Final eligibility is always assessed by the study center.

Healthy volunteers: No

Study design

Allocation

N/A

Model

Single group

Masking

Open label

Primary purpose

Diagnostic

Study locations

Center list to be confirmed — check the primary protocol.

Publications

• Bilaver LA, Thivalapill N, Zaslavsky J, Galic I, Gupta RS, Nimmagadda SR. Prevalence and correlates of co-occurring allergies in a US food allergy patient registry. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2023 Jan;11(1):332-334.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.10.006. Epub 2022 Oct 19. No abstract available. PMID 36272719
• Buchner AM, Wallace MB. Endomicroscopy and Molecular Tools to Evaluate Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2016 Oct;26(4):657-68. doi: 10.1016/j.giec.2016.06.002. Epub 2016 Aug 16. PMID 27633594
• Shavrov A, Kharitonova AY, Davis EM, Claggett B, Morozov DA, Brown DK, Shavrov AA, Liu JJ. A Pilot Study of Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy to Predict Barrier Dysfunction and Relapse in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2016 Jun;62(6):873-8. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0000000000001022. PMID 26513619
• Fritscher-Ravens A, Schuppan D, Ellrichmann M, Schoch S, Rocken C, Brasch J, Bethge J, Bottner M, Klose J, Milla PJ. Confocal endomicroscopy shows food-associated changes in the intestinal mucosa of patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology. 2014 Nov;147(5):1012-20.e4. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2014.07.046. Epub 2014 Jul 30. PMID 25083606
• Turcotte JF, Kao D, Mah SJ, Claggett B, Saltzman JR, Fedorak RN, Liu JJ. Breaks in the wall: increased gaps in the intestinal epithelium of irritable bowel syndrome patients identified by confocal laser endomicroscopy (with videos). Gastrointest Endosc. 2013 Apr;77(4):624-30. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2012.11.006. Epub 2013 Jan 26. PMID 23357497
• Rath T, Dieterich W, Katscher-Murad C, Neurath MF, Zopf Y. Cross-sectional imaging of intestinal barrier dysfunction by confocal laser endomicroscopy can identify patients with food allergy in vivo with high sensitivity. Sci Rep. 2021 Jun 17;11(1):12777. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-92262-4. PMID 34140591
• Fritscher-Ravens A, Pflaum T, Mosinger M, Ruchay Z, Rocken C, Milla PJ, Das M, Bottner M, Wedel T, Schuppan D. Many Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome Have Atypical Food Allergies Not Associated With Immunoglobulin E. Gastroenterology. 2019 Jul;157(1):109-118.e5. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.03.046. Epub 2019 May 15. PMID 31100380
• Ray K. Endoscopy: a window into the gut--real-time visualization of the effects of food intolerance using confocal laser endomicroscopy. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014 Oct;11(10):578. doi: 10.1038/nrgastro.2014.147. Epub 2014 Aug 19. No abstract available. PMID 25134512

Identifiers

NCT: NCT06792838 · 2024-073

Primary sources (government registries)

• ClinicalTrials.gov (US NIH)

View this study on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗