PRemature Acute Myocardial Infarction Register of Serbia

Study Overview This national, multicenter study combines retrospective and prospective analyses to investigate AMI in patients aged ≤ 45 years in Serbia. The primary aim is to characterize the clinical, demographic, and angiographic profiles of these patients, identify specific risk factors, and evaluate treatment outcomes. The findings aim to inform prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment strategies for premature AMI.

Objectives

Primary Objectives:

Determine the incidence and prevalence of AMI in this population. Analyze demographic characteristics and the prevalence of standard atherosclerotic risk factors (e.g., smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and socioeconomic status).

Examine angiographic findings, including obstructive or non-obstructive coronary artery disease and other abnormalities.

Secondary Objectives:

Assess atherosclerotic plaque characteristics using OCT or IVUS imaging. Evaluate the prevalence of spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) and comorbid conditions like chronic kidney disease and autoimmune diseases.

Investigate genetic predispositions (e.g., thrombophilia, familial hypercholesterolemia) and metabolic markers like homocysteine.

Monitor treatment outcomes, including major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) during hospitalization and at follow-ups.

Design and Methodology

The study adheres to the Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction and includes detailed data collection:

Demographics: age, gender, socioeconomic status, and rural vs. urban residency. Clinical Data: chest pain characteristics, ECG findings, and laboratory markers like lipids, homocysteine, and inflammatory markers.

Imaging and Diagnostics: echocardiography, angiography, OCT/IVUS imaging, and cardiac MRI for MINOCA cases.

Therapeutics: Analysis of treatment methods, including interventions, antiplatelet agents, and anticoagulants.

Study Population

Inclusion Criteria: Patients aged ≤ 45 years diagnosed with AMI who provide informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria: Patients aged \> 45 years. Sample Size and Data Analysis Approximately 200 participants will be enrolled annually, with a target of 1,000 participants over five years. Data will be analyzed using statistical methods to identify predictors of adverse outcomes and evaluate survival rates.

Ethical Considerations This study complies with ethical standards and protects patient rights and data confidentiality. Participation is voluntary, and patients may withdraw at any time without affecting their care.

Significance The study aims to close a critical knowledge gap regarding premature AMI, contributing to improved prevention and management strategies in young adults at the national level.

• Characteristics of Atherosclerotic Plaque Using OCT or IVUS [Time frame: From 01.January 2021.year to 31.December 2026.]
• Prevalence of SCAD in Young AMI Patients [Time frame: From 01.January 2021.year to 31.December 2026.]
• Prevalence of Comorbidities in Young AMI Patients [Time frame: From 01.January 2021.year to 31.December 2026.]
• Prevalence of Inherited or Acquired Thrombophilia in MINOCA Patients [Time frame: From 01.January 2021.year to 31.December 2026.]
• Prevalence of Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Young AMI Patients [Time frame: From 01.January 2021.year to 31.December 2026.]
• Mean Homocysteine Levels in Young AMI Patients [Time frame: From 01.January 2021.year to 31.December 2026.]
• Treatment Modalities and Interventions in Young AMI Patients [Time frame: From 01.January 2021.year to 31.December 2026.]
• Number of Participants Experiencing MACE During Hospitalization, at 1 Month, and 1 Year Post-AMI [Time frame: From 01.January 2021.year to 31.December 2026.]