Efficacy and Safety of Add-on Timolol for EGFR-TKI and ALK-TKI Induced Paronychia

Official title

Efficacy and Safety of Add-on Topical Timolol in the Management of Epidermal Growth Factor and Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor-induced Paronychia: a Prospective Randomized Open-labelled Trial

Overview

To assess the clinical efficacy of add-on topical timolol 0.5% eye drops to betamethasone valerate 0.1% for the treatment of EGFR-TKI and ALK-TKI induced paronychia.

Detailed description

Lung cancer is the second leading cause of cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death in Hong Kong. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85% of lung cancer patients. Adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma accounts for 40% and 25-30% of NSCLC patients, respectively. More than 75% of patients are diagnosed with stage III and IV lung cancer. The age-standardized one-year overall survival rate of stage III and IV NSCLC are 35-46% and 15.9-15.6%, respectively. Therefore, the management of locally advanced and metastatic lung cancer is important to improve the overall survival of NSCLC patients.

The management of locally advanced and metastatic NSCLC is actionable driver mutation dependent. Patients are recommended to have tissue biopsy to detect the actionable driver mutation. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation accounts for 55.4% of actionable driver mutation in Hong Kong. Patients with EGFR mutation positive are recommended to receive EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) by the European Society of Medical Oncology and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is another common is actionable driver mutation with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) including crizotinib, ceritinib, alectinib, brigatinib and lorlatinib.

Paronychia is one of the common adverse events in patients who receive EGFR-TKI(s) and other TKI. 17.6-57% of patients experienced paronychia in randomized controlled trials. There were 0.6-11% of patients who experienced grade 3 paronychia according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0 (CTCAEv5.0) in randomized controlled trials.

Timolol and betaxolol are beta-blockers, which are hypothesized to be effective in managing paronychia. Beta-blockers were effective in hemangiomas and has been the first line treatment for severe infantile hemangiomas. Previous case reports and case series suggested the potential use of topical beta-blocker. However, the evidence of topical beta-blocker treatment was limited by small sample size and low level of evidence. Therefore, this study aims to compare the safety and efficacy of topical timolol with routine clinical care with paronychia (fingernails, toenails, or both) as an adverse effect of EGFR-TKI and ALK-TKI.

This study would assess the clinical efficacy of add-on topical timolol 0.5% eye drops to betamethasone valerate 0.1% for the treatment of EGFR-TKI and ALK-TKI induced paronychia. Eligible patients, who develop paronychia (affecting fingernails, toenails or both), will be included in this study. They will be randomized in 1:1 ratio using computer-generated randomization list to receive either combination of topical timolol 0.5% eye drops and betamethasone valerate 0.1% lotion application twice daily or betamethasone valerate 0.1% lotion application twice daily. Patients in timolol combination treatment group will receive topical timolol 0.5% eye drops twice daily with occlusion (i.e. covered with adhesive badge) and betamethasone valerate 0.1% lotion twice daily with occlusion for 1 month. Patients in routine arm would receive the management according to routine clinical practice, including prescription of betamethasone valerate 0.1% lotion twice daily for 1 month with occlusion. For patients who do not have paronychia completely resolved after 4 weeks, the treatment assigned will be continued for another 4 to 8 weeks , up to 12 weeks to see the effect.

Interventions

• Drug Timolol 0.5% eye drops and betamethasone valerate 0.1% cream
  Topical timolol 0.5% eye drops (liquid form) twice daily with occlusion (i.e. covered with adhesive badge) and betamethasone valerate 0.1% cream twice daily with occlsuion for 1 month. For patients who do not have paronychia completely resolved after 4 weeks, the treatment assigned will be continued for another 4 to 8 weeks, up to 12 weeks to see the effect.
• Drug Betamethasone valerate 0.1% cream
  The management according to routine clinical practice, including prescription of betamethasone valerate 0.1% cream twice daily for 1 month with occlusion. For patients who do not have paronychia completely resolved after 4 weeks, the treatment assigned will be continued for another 4 to 8 weeks, up to 12 weeks to see the effect.

Primary outcome measures

• The proportion of patients achieved complete response (disappearance of the lesion, absent pain, and/or bleeding) on topical timolol 0.5% eye drops as compared to betamethasone valerate 0.1% lotion [Time frame: From baseline to month 3]

Secondary outcome measures (5)

• The proportion of patients achieved complete or partial response [Time frame: From baseline to month 3]
• Lack of response as well as proportion of patients with reduced severity of paronychia [Time frame: From baseline to month 3]
• Change in chronic paronychia severity index scale with treatment [Time frame: From baseline to month 3]
• The improvement of paronychia by 4 point scale [Time frame: From baseline to month 3]
• Change in severity of pain by Visual Analog Scale [Time frame: From baseline to month 3]

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion criteria

• Aged 18 years or above, either males or females.
• Received EGFR-TKI and ALK-TKI, namely gefitinib, erlotinib, afatinib, osimertinib, amivantamab, dacomitinib, mobocertinib, crizotinib, ceritinib, alectinib, brigatinib and lorlatinib for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.
• Paronychia (fingernails, toenails, or both) as an adverse event from EGFR-TKI use
• Written informed consent obtained from patient
• Subjects are diagnosed with advanced non-small cell lung cancer

Exclusion criteria

• 1\. Age below18
• 2\. Patients who are allergic to, or contraindicated to topical timolol use
• 3\. Pregnant women or nursing mother
• 4\. Non-consenting patients
• 5\. Subjects are not diagnosed with advanced non-small cell lung cancer

Criteria are shown verbatim from the registry (in English). Final eligibility is always assessed by the study center.

Healthy volunteers: No

Study design

Allocation

Randomized

Model

Parallel assignment

Masking

Open label

Primary purpose

Treatment

Study locations

Hong Kong · 1 center

• Queen Mary Hospital — Hong Kong

Publications

• Atis G, Goktay F, Altan Ferhatoglu Z, Kaynak E, Sevim Kecici A, Yasar S, Aytekin S. A Proposal for a New Severity Index for the Evaluation of Chronic Paronychia. Skin Appendage Disord. 2018 Nov;5(1):32-37. doi: 10.1159/000489024. Epub 2018 May 30. PMID 30643778
• Martinez-de-Espronceda I, Bernabeu-Wittel J, Azcona M, Monserrat MT. Recalcitrant trametinib-induced paronychia treated successfully with topical timolol in a pediatric patient. Dermatol Ther. 2020 Jan;33(1):e13164. doi: 10.1111/dth.13164. Epub 2019 Nov 15. PMID 31705590
• Sibaud V, Casassa E, D'Andrea M. Are topical beta-blockers really effective "in real life" for targeted therapy-induced paronychia. Support Care Cancer. 2019 Jul;27(7):2341-2343. doi: 10.1007/s00520-019-04690-8. Epub 2019 Mar 7. PMID 30847700
• Walters S, Maringe C, Coleman MP, Peake MD, Butler J, Young N, Bergstrom S, Hanna L, Jakobsen E, Kolbeck K, Sundstrom S, Engholm G, Gavin A, Gjerstorff ML, Hatcher J, Johannesen TB, Linklater KM, McGahan CE, Steward J, Tracey E, Turner D, Richards MA, Rachet B; ICBP Module 1 Working Group. Lung cancer survival and stage at diagnosis in Australia, Canada, Denmark, Norway, Sweden and the UK: a popul PMID 23399908
• Puttgen K, Lucky A, Adams D, Pope E, McCuaig C, Powell J, Feigenbaum D, Savva Y, Baselga E, Holland K, Drolet B, Siegel D, Morel KD, Garzon MC, Mathes E, Lauren C, Nopper A, Horii K, Newell B, Song W, Frieden I; Hemangioma Investigator Group. Topical Timolol Maleate Treatment of Infantile Hemangiomas. Pediatrics. 2016 Sep;138(3):e20160355. doi: 10.1542/peds.2016-0355. Epub 2016 Aug 15. PMID 27527799
• Sequist LV, Yang JC, Yamamoto N, O'Byrne K, Hirsh V, Mok T, Geater SL, Orlov S, Tsai CM, Boyer M, Su WC, Bennouna J, Kato T, Gorbunova V, Lee KH, Shah R, Massey D, Zazulina V, Shahidi M, Schuler M. Phase III study of afatinib or cisplatin plus pemetrexed in patients with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR mutations. J Clin Oncol. 2013 Sep 20;31(27):3327-34. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2012.44.2806. Epu PMID 23816960
• Wu YL, Zhou C, Hu CP, Feng J, Lu S, Huang Y, Li W, Hou M, Shi JH, Lee KY, Xu CR, Massey D, Kim M, Shi Y, Geater SL. Afatinib versus cisplatin plus gemcitabine for first-line treatment of Asian patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer harbouring EGFR mutations (LUX-Lung 6): an open-label, randomised phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2014 Feb;15(2):213-22. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70604-1. Epu PMID 24439929
• Paz-Ares L, Tan EH, O'Byrne K, Zhang L, Hirsh V, Boyer M, Yang JC, Mok T, Lee KH, Lu S, Shi Y, Lee DH, Laskin J, Kim DW, Laurie SA, Kolbeck K, Fan J, Dodd N, Marten A, Park K. Afatinib versus gefitinib in patients with EGFR mutation-positive advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: overall survival data from the phase IIb LUX-Lung 7 trial. Ann Oncol. 2017 Feb 1;28(2):270-277. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdw61 PMID 28426106

Identifiers

NCT: NCT06643416 · UW 24-573

Primary sources (government registries)

• ClinicalTrials.gov (US NIH)

View this study on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗