Filipino Family Health Initiative 1.0

Evidence-based parenting interventions provided in early childhood have proven to be effective in preventing the onset and escalation of child mental health disorders. The overall objective of the proposed research is to test the effectiveness of a parenting program (Incredible Years® School Age Advance and Basic Parent Training Program, IYP) in Filipino parents recruited from multiple community-based settings and its impact on trajectories of parenting practices, parenting stress, and child problem behavior. IYP is one of the best studied and most highly regarded parent training programs.

Through pilot studies funded by an National Institutes of Health (NIH) Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award (K23) and an National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) Mentored Career Development Award (KL2) award, the investigators identified IYP as a community-identified solution for preventing behavioral health problems, demonstrated IYP efficacy in improving parenting practices and parenting stress in Filipino parents, and child problem behavior. This population was chosen because: 1) Filipinos are the third largest Asian population in the U.S. with the highest concentration living in Los Angeles; 2) Filipinos are exposed to multiple adversities, including immigration stress and relocation, loss of social status, and lower self-esteem, placing young children at risk for future behavioral and mental health problems; 3) U.S.-born Filipino youth exhibit higher rates of mental health problems than non-Hispanic whites and attain significantly lower levels of education than their foreign-born counterparts and other U.S.-born Asian American populations; and 4) Filipinos are less likely than non-Hispanic whites to participate in mental health and preventive care interventions.

The sample will include 500 individuals, 250 Filipino parent-child dyads. Data will be obtained using process evaluation tracking system and self-report instruments. The specific aim is to test the effectiveness of the Incredible Years model of parent training and its impact on parenting practices (primary outcome). It is hypothesized that 1) Parents will report and demonstrate improvements in parenting practices after IYP, as compared to baseline and to the control condition; 2) Parents in the experimental group will show more rapid improvement in parenting practices and these effects will be sustained over time compared to those in the control condition; and 3) Parents will report improvements in parenting stress, child problem behavior, such as internalizing, externalizing, and depressive symptoms (secondary outcomes) after IYP as compared to baseline and to the control condition.

Findings will contribute to the scientific literature on preventive and early intervention programs for children at high risk for future behavioral problems. The data will also provide important information to understand the processes underlying how IYP affects parenting practices and subsequent child problem behavior among Filipino families. The importance of this research rests on its potential to prevent behavioral health disparities in this understudied and high-risk population.

The investigators also aim to describe intervention delivery and its online implementation in real-world community settings. Research Question 1: What are the facilitators/barriers to implementing the intervention at multiple levels (consumer, staff/provider, community setting)? Research Question 2: What are the facilitators and barriers to sustaining the intervention during and after the study?

• Parent Reported Use of Physical Punishment [Time frame: Baseline, 3 months, 6 months]
• Parent Reported Change in Child Behavioral Problems [Time frame: Baseline, 3 months, 6 months]
• Parent Reported Child Anxiety [Time frame: Baseline, 3 months, 6 months]
• Parent Reported Child Depression [Time frame: Baseline, 3 months, 6 months]
• Parent Reported Child Resilience [Time frame: Baseline, 3 months, 6 months]
• Child Reported Child Resilience [Time frame: Baseline, 3 months, 6 months]
• Parenting Self Efficacy [Time frame: Baseline, 3 months, 6 months]