Effect on Pre-operative Anxiety of a Personalized Three-dimensional Kidney Model Prior to Nephron-sparing Surgery- Rein 3D Anxiety

Announcement of serious illnesses and especially cancerous disease has major impacts on one's psychological field. Need of surgery can create even other fears due to its unknown nature. Use of tools to decrease anxiety and enhance understanding prior to surgery is a key point in comprehensive care that is way not enough promoted for now. In the field of surgery, available methods to deal with pre-operative anxiety are massively represented by anxiolytics drugs, only few other devices were evaluated.

Technological development in healthcare has seen the rising of three-dimensional media, especially in surgery, for procedure planning. There is no doubt that this tool is effective in helping surgeons regarding the studies published within the past few years but there is no such evidence concerning the benefit for patients. Some authors report improvement of patients understanding and great satisfaction referring to the usefulness of this tool. But none of these papers evaluated anxiety.

The goal of this research is to measure the effect of a personalized three-dimensional model of patients' tumoral kidney on peri-operative anxiety.

For this purpose this clinical trial is designed as following: a total of 234 (78\*3) patients planned to have a nephron-sparing surgery for kidney tumor are going to be randomly assign in 3 different groups. Inside the 2 interventional groups, patients' kidneys will be modelled in three dimensions, but in one of the two groups, the model will be 3D-printed. The control group will include patients for whom the pre-operative information will be made based on standardized information letter from the French Urological Association.

Before surgery, during a preoperative therapeutic education consultation, 3D models will be presented to the patients according to the allocated study group. All patients will have to complete questionnaires to assess their anxiety level, their quality of life, their health literacy level and their understanding of disease and surgical procedure.

One month after surgery, during the post-operative consultation, patients will also fill out the different questionnaires to assess their anxiety level, quality of life, and level of litteracy.

• Measurement of the progression of the mean anxiety score per arm, by filling STAI-Trait Anxiety self-questionnaire. [Time frame: between baseline and Day 15 post-op]
• Measurement of the progression in mean health literacy questionnaire score HLSEU-Q16 between baseline and 15-day post-operative follow-up per arm [Time frame: between baseline and Day 15 post-op]
• Measurement of the mean pre-operative score for understanding disease and choice of treatment per arm by filling the WAKE questionnaire [Time frame: Day-1 from surgery]
• Measurement of the progression of quality of life in each of the three groups by filling the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire [Time frame: between inclusion and Day 15 post-op]
• Measurement of the average duration of the pre-operative information visit in each of the three groups [Time frame: between Day-21 and Day-4 from surgery]