PECS Study for CIED Implantation Surgery
For patients and families
In plain language
An automatic summary of structured registry data. It is an orientation aid, not a substitute for the official protocol or a physician assessment.
- What is being studied
- The protocol lists: Bupivacaine 0.25% with epinephrine 1:200000 by PECS block and wound infiltration, Bupivacaine 0.25% with epinephrine 1:200000 by wound infiltration only.
- Who it may be relevant to
- Registry conditions: Pain, Postoperative, Child, Adolescent. Basic parameters: 3 years — 18 years · All.
- What needs checking
- Age, condition and sex are only basic indicators. Prior treatment, laboratory values and other mandatory requirements appear in the eligibility criteria below.
- Where it takes place
- Canada
- Next step
- Save the trial, show it to the treating physician, and confirm current recruitment with the study center. Costs, documents and travel →
Unsure about the terms? Read our patient guide →
Official title
Pectoral Nerve (PECS) Block for Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices (CIED) Implantation Surgery
Overview
We aim to determine whether pectoral nerve block (PECS) performed after induction of anesthesia but before surgical incision results less opioid use in the post operative period compared with local infiltration alone in children undergoing Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device (CIED) surgery.
Detailed description
The current anaesthetic management of CIED surgery at Sickkids is local anaesthetic infiltration by the EP cardiologist or a Pectoral nerve block (PECS) on an ad-hoc basis depending on the anaesthesiologist on a case by case basis. It is not known whether one technique provides better post- operative pain control and fewer adverse events than the other. In either case, the patient receives opioids as required during and after the procedure. Patients typically go home with a prescription for opioids to be taken for the first few days after surgery.
The PECS block is a recognized effective anaesthetic technique used for both intraoperative and postoperative pain control in adult breast surgery, chest wall procedures as well as one case report for CIED implantation and a small series in paediatric cardiac surgery. The advantages of the PECS block in these surgical procedures includes improved analgesia and reduced opioid use.
The investigators plan to conduct an RCT with two groups.
Group 1 will receive a PECS block (using 0.8 ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine with epinephrine 1: 200000 divided in two equal volumes between the two planes) by the anaesthesiologist and local infiltration (up to 0.2 ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine with epinephrine 1:200000) by the surgeon.
Group 2 will receive local infiltration (up to 0.8 ml/kg 0.25 % bupivacaine with epinephrine 1:200000) by the surgeon alone.
Both groups will be given opioids as rescue analgesics as deemed necessary during their procedure and as rescue analgesia postoperatively, so that no patient will have untreated pain.
Interventions
- Drug Bupivacaine 0.25% with epinephrine 1:200000 by PECS block and wound infiltration
The anesthesiologist will administer bupivacaine 0.25% with epinephrine 1:200000 by PECS block after induction of anesthesia before surgical incision. The EP cardiologist will also administer bupivacaine 0.25% with epinephrine 1:200000 by infiltrating the wound after surgery is complete. - Drug Bupivacaine 0.25% with epinephrine 1:200000 by wound infiltration only
The EP cardiologist will administer Bupivacaine 0.25% with epinephrine 1:200000 by infiltrating the wound after surgery is complete.
Primary outcome measures
- Postoperative morphine consumption [Time frame: 0 hours]
Secondary outcome measures (5)
- Severity of pain [Time frame: 0 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours and at discharge from hospital]
- Incidence of nausea/emesis postoperatively [Time frame: Until discharge from recovery room, assessed up to 2 days]
- Incidence of pruritus [Time frame: Until discharge from recovery room, assessed up to 2 days]
- Adverse events [Time frame: Until discharge from recovery room, assessed up to 2 days]
- Time to discharge from recovery room [Time frame: Until discharge from recovery room, assessed up to 2 days]
Eligibility criteria
Inclusion criteria
- All patients 3-18 years undergoing CIED surgery in the chest
Exclusion criteria
- Children < 3 years of age at time of procedure as bupivacaine is not licensed for this age group.
- No parental or patient consent
- Allergy to bupivacaine
- Pregnancy or lactation
- Any condition or diagnosis, that could in the opinion of the Principal Investigator or delegate interfere with the participant's ability to comply with study instructions, might confound the interpretation of the study results, or put the participant at risk.
Criteria are shown verbatim from the registry (in English). Final eligibility is always assessed by the study center.
Healthy volunteers: No
Study design
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Model
- Parallel assignment
- Masking
- Triple blind
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
Study locations
Canada · 1 center
- Hospital for Sick Children — Toronto
Publications
- Froyshteter AB, Bhalla T, Tobias JD, Cambier GS, Mckee CT. Pectoralis blocks for insertion of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator in two patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Saudi J Anaesth. 2018 Apr-Jun;12(2):324-327. doi: 10.4103/sja.SJA_624_17. PMID 29628849
- Fujiwara A, Komasawa N, Minami T. Pectoral nerves (PECS) and intercostal nerve block for cardiac resynchronization therapy device implantation. Springerplus. 2014 Aug 5;3:409. doi: 10.1186/2193-1801-3-409. eCollection 2014. PMID 25120950
- Al Ja'bari A, Robertson M, El-Boghdadly K, Albrecht E. A randomised controlled trial of the pectoral nerves-2 (PECS-2) block for radical mastectomy. Anaesthesia. 2019 Oct;74(10):1277-1281. doi: 10.1111/anae.14769. Epub 2019 Jul 4. PMID 31273773
- Altiparmak B, Korkmaz Toker M, Uysal AI, Turan M, Gumus Demirbilek S. Comparison of the effects of modified pectoral nerve block and erector spinae plane block on postoperative opioid consumption and pain scores of patients after radical mastectomy surgery: A prospective, randomized, controlled trial. J Clin Anesth. 2019 May;54:61-65. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2018.10.040. Epub 2018 Nov 3. PMID 30396100
- Amir A, Jolin S, Amberg S, Nordstrom S. Implementation of Pecs I and Pecs II Blocks as Part of Opioid-Sparing Approach to Breast Surgery. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2016 Jul-Aug;41(4):544-5. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000401. No abstract available. PMID 27315180
- Bashandy GM, Abbas DN. Pectoral nerves I and II blocks in multimodal analgesia for breast cancer surgery: a randomized clinical trial. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2015 Jan-Feb;40(1):68-74. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000163. PMID 25376971
- Blanco R. The 'pecs block': a novel technique for providing analgesia after breast surgery. Anaesthesia. 2011 Sep;66(9):847-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2011.06838.x. No abstract available. PMID 21831090
- Kumar KN, Kalyane RN, Singh NG, Nagaraja PS, Krishna M, Babu B, Varadaraju R, Sathish N, Manjunatha N. Efficacy of bilateral pectoralis nerve block for ultrafast tracking and postoperative pain management in cardiac surgery. Ann Card Anaesth. 2018 Jul-Sep;21(3):333-338. doi: 10.4103/aca.ACA_15_18. PMID 30052231
Identifiers
NCT: NCT04577690 · 1000065122