Optimisation of Mechanical Insufflation:Exsufflation

Official title

Investigating Methods to Improve Secretion Clearance Using Mechanical Insufflation:Exsufflation in Patients With Neuromuscular Disease.

Overview

Patients with neuromuscular diseases (NMD) can suffer from a range of respiratory problems due to respiratory muscle weakness. Cough muscle weakness means secretion clearance from the airways can be problematic, a source of infection, and importantly a cause of death, in this patient group. Therefore, these patients are often supported with devices to aid clearance, such as mechanical insufflation-exsufflation (MIE). Although evidence supports the use of these devices, the optimal technique or settings on the device are not clear. Increasingly, higher pressures are used during MIE and recent work has demonstrated that there may be a physiological benefit to this. However, higher pressures increase the risk of causing lung collapse and may cause detriment to blood flow back to the heart, which is important as NMD patients frequently have concurrent heart muscle weakness. Further, recent work has demonstrated that higher pressures can cause closure of the throat, which is counter-productive in secretion clearance. The overall aim of this study is to investigate methods to manipulate MIE to improve secretion clearance in patients with NMD. The questions it seeks to answer are: (i) how can we maximally improve lung recruitment during inspiration, whilst maintaining patient comfort and lower pressures (ii) what is the smallest pressure difference required in expiration to achieve an improvement in cough (iii) do these proposed changes to MIE also cause throat closure (iv) what factors do patients believe contribute to their adherence to MIE therapy? Patients with slowly progressive or stable neuromuscular diseases will be included in the study. Participation will involve two visits to the Lane Fox Respiratory Unit, each lasting approximately four hours. Patients will be recruited from specialist neuromuscular respiratory clinics by their clinical teams.

Interventions

• Device Insufflation
  Patients will receive different inspiratory (Ti) and expiratory (Te) times and inspiratory flows, at a fixed insufflation and exsufflation pressure. Optimum insufflation pressure will be determined by measuring maximal inspiratory capacity.
• Device Exsufflation
  Patients will receive different exsufflation pressures at fixed insufflation pressure.

Primary outcome measures

• Cough peak expiratory flow (cPEF) [Time frame: 2 days]

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion criteria

• Stable or slowly progressive neuromuscular disease
• Respiratory muscle weakness (FVC <60%, snip <60%, sleep disordered breathing)
• Clinical evidence of respiratory secretions or cough peak expiratory flow <270 and history of lower respiratory tract infection
• Documented clinical stability by supervising clinician

Exclusion criteria

• Rapidly progressive neuromuscular disease (such as motor neuron disease)
• Decompensated respiratory failure (pH < 7.35)
• Pregnancy
• Aged <18
• Change in ventilator settings in preceding 4 weeks
• Significant physical or psychiatric co-morbidity that would prevent compliance with trial protocol

Criteria are shown verbatim from the registry (in English). Final eligibility is always assessed by the study center.

Healthy volunteers: No

Study design

Allocation

Non-randomized

Model

Sequential

Masking

Single blind

Primary purpose

Treatment

Study locations

United Kingdom · 1 center

• Guys & St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust — London

Identifiers

NCT: NCT04163198 · 1.0

Primary sources (government registries)

• ClinicalTrials.gov (US NIH)

View this study on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗